以致

以致 [yǐ zhì]

1. ■ （多用来指不好的结果） so that; with the result that; consequently;as a result that;as a result:

他平时学习不努力，以致（于）考试不及格。 He hadn't studied hard so that he failed in the exam.

在大多数机器中，摩擦要消耗功，以致造成输出的功要小于输入的功。 In most machines friction consumes effort, with the result that less work is got out than is put in.