sedeo
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *sedēō, from Proto-Indo-European *sed-, the same root as sīdō (“I settle, I sink down”). Cognates include Sanskrit सीदति (sī́dati), Old Church Slavonic сѣдѣти (sěděti), Old English sittan (English sit).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈse.de.oː/, [ˈs̠ɛd̪eoː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈse.de.o/, [ˈsɛːd̪eo]
Verb
sedeō (present infinitive sedēre, perfect active sēdī, supine sessum); second conjugation, impersonal in the passive
- I sit, I am seated
- I sit in an official seat; sit in council or court, hold court, preside
- I keep the field, remain encamped
- I settle or sink down, subside
- I sit still; remain, tarry, stay, abide, linger, loiter; sit around
- I hold or hang fast or firm; I am established
- (Medieval Latin, Ibero-Romance) I am
- Pueri claustrales et bachalarii descendant in fine scalæ dormitorii, et illic sedeant.
Conjugation
This verb lacks almost all passive forms. Only the third-person singular passive forms are known.
| Conjugation of sedeō (second conjugation, impersonal in passive) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | sedeō | sedēs | sedet | sedēmus | sedētis | sedent |
| imperfect | sedēbam | sedēbās | sedēbat | sedēbāmus | sedēbātis | sedēbant | |
| future | sedēbō | sedēbis | sedēbit | sedēbimus | sedēbitis | sedēbunt | |
| perfect | sēdī | sēdistī | sēdit | sēdimus | sēdistis | sēdērunt, sēdēre | |
| pluperfect | sēderam | sēderās | sēderat | sēderāmus | sēderātis | sēderant | |
| future perfect | sēderō | sēderis | sēderit | sēderimus | sēderitis | sēderint | |
| passive | present | — | — | sedētur | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | sedēbātur | — | — | — | |
| future | — | — | sedēbitur | — | — | — | |
| perfect | — | — | sessum est | — | — | — | |
| pluperfect | — | — | sessum erat | — | — | — | |
| future perfect | — | — | sessum erit | — | — | — | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | sedeam | sedeās | sedeat | sedeāmus | sedeātis | sedeant |
| imperfect | sedērem | sedērēs | sedēret | sedērēmus | sedērētis | sedērent | |
| perfect | sēderim | sēderīs | sēderit | sēderīmus | sēderītis | sēderint | |
| pluperfect | sēdissem | sēdissēs | sēdisset | sēdissēmus | sēdissētis | sēdissent | |
| passive | present | — | — | sedeātur | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | sedērētur | — | — | — | |
| perfect | — | — | sessum sit | — | — | — | |
| pluperfect | — | — | sessum esset, sessum foret | — | — | — | |
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | sedē | — | — | sedēte | — |
| future | — | sedētō | sedētō | — | sedētōte | sedentō | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | sedēre | sēdisse | sessūrum esse | sedērī | sessum esse | — | |
| participles | sedēns | — | sessūrus | — | sessum | sedendum | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| sedendī | sedendō | sedendum | sedendō | sessum | sessū | ||
Derived terms
- assideō
- circumsedeō
- dēsideō
- dissideō
- duābus sellīs sedeō
- īnsideō
- obsideō
- persedeō
- possideō
- praesideō
- resideō
- sedēns
- sedentārius
- sēdēs
- sedibilis
- sedīle
- sedimen
- sedimentum
- sēdō
- sēdulus
- sella
- sessibulum
- sessilis
- sessim
- sessimonium
- sessiō
- sessitō
- sessor
- sessus
- supersedeō
Descendants
- Balkan Romance:
- Aromanian: shed, shideari, ashedz
- Istro-Romanian: șed
- Megleno-Romanian: șǫd, șădere
- Romanian: ședea, ședere
- Italo-Romance:
- Italian: sedere
- ⇒ Sicilian: arrisèdiri
- Padanian:
- Romansch: seser, ser, sezzer
- Northern Gallo-Romance:
- French: seoir
- Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Aragonese: ser (partly)
- Catalan: seure
- Languedocien: sèire, sièire
- Gascon: sèser, séter, ser
- Ibero-Romance: (partly)
- Asturian: ser
- Old Portuguese: seer
- Galician: ser
- Portuguese: ser
- Old Spanish: seer
- Spanish: ser (in part)
- Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: sèdere, sèere, sei, sèiri, sere
References
- “sedeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “sedeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- sedeo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) to be on horseback: in equo sedere; equo insidēre
- (ambiguous) to sit with folded arms; to be inactive: compressis manibus sedere (proverb.) (Liv. 7. 13)
- (ambiguous) to hold the reins of government: ad gubernacula (metaph. only in plur.) rei publicae sedere
- (ambiguous) the seat of war, theatre of operations: belli sedes (Liv. 4. 31)
- (ambiguous) to be on horseback: in equo sedere; equo insidēre