securis

Latin

Etymology

Related to secō (“cut”) and Proto-Slavic *sekyra (“axe”), from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”). Compare also how in spite of the continuation of secūris in Spanish as segur one keeps from the verb a segadera with a similar meaning. See also English sickle.

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /seˈkuː.ris/, [s̠ɛˈkuːrɪs̠]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /seˈku.ris/, [seˈkuːris]

Noun

secūris f (genitive secūris); third declension

an axe, hatchet with a broad edge

Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem, accusative singular in -im or occasionally -em, ablative singular in -ī or -e).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	secūris	secūrēs
Genitive	secūris	secūrium
Dative	secūrī	secūribus
Accusative	secūrim secūrem	secūrēs secūrīs
Ablative	secūrī secūre	secūribus
Vocative	secūris	secūrēs

Synonyms

ascia

Derived terms

secūriclātus
secūricula
secūrifer
secūriger

Descendants

Aromanian: secure
Dalmatian: sčor
→ Byzantine Greek: τσεκούριον (tsekoúrion), σεκούριον (sekoúrion)
- Greek: τσεκούρι (tsekoúri)
- Aramaic:
  Jewish Palestinian Aramaic, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: סִיקוּרְיָא (sīqūrā, sīqūryā)/סִיקוּרָא‎ (sīqūrā, sīqūryā)
  Classical Syriac: ܣܝܺܩܰܘܪܴܐ‎ (sīqūrā)
  - → Arabic: صَاقُور‎ (ṣāqūr, “flang, pickaxe of a miner”)
    - Yemeni Arabic: صَاقُور‎ (ṣāgūr, “axe”)
Galician: segur
Lombard: sagür, segù
Italian: scure
Portuguese: segure, segura, secure
Romanian: secure
Romansch: sigir, siir, sagir, sieir, sgür
Sardinian: segura, segure, seguri, sigura
Spanish: segur
- → Andalusian Arabic: شُقُور‎ (šuqūr, “axe”)
- → Moroccan Arabic: شَاقُور‎ (šāqūr, “adze of a carpenter; hatchet”)
  - → Central Atlas Tamazight: šaquṛ (“axe”); pl. šwaq^wṛ
    - ⇒ Central Atlas Tamazight: tašaquṛt (“small axe, hatchet”); pl. tašaquṛin
- → Algerian Arabic: شَاقُور‎ (šāqūr, “adze of a carpenter; hatchet”)
  - ⇒ Algerian Arabic: شَاقُورَة‎ (šāqūṛa, šāqōṛa, “small axe, hatchet”)
- → Tunisian Arabic: شَقُور (šāqūr, šaqūr, “adze of a carpenter; hatchet”)/شَاقُور‎ (šāqūr, šaqūr, “adze of a carpenter; hatchet”)
- → Egyptian Arabic: شَقُورَة‎ (šaʾūṛa, “adze for agricultural purposes”)
Venetian: sigureto

References

“securis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“securis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
securis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
securis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to slaughter victims: victimas (oxen), hostias (smaller animals, especially sheep) immolare, securi ferire, caedere, mactare
- to execute a person, cut off his head: securi percutere, ferire aliquem
“securis”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
“securis”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin