sclavus

sclavus

See also: Sclavus

Latin

Etymology

From Late Latin Sclavus (“Slav”), from Byzantine Greek Σκλάβος (Sklábos), from Proto-Slavic *slověninъ, because Slavs were often forced into slavery in the Middle Ages.[1][2]

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈskla.u̯us/, [ˈs̠kɫ̪äu̯ʊs̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈskla.vus/, [ˈskläːvus]

Noun

sclavus m (genitive sclavī); second declension

1. (Medieval Latin) slave

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	sclavus	sclavī
Genitive	sclavī	sclavōrum
Dative	sclavō	sclavīs
Accusative	sclavum	sclavōs
Ablative	sclavō	sclavīs
Vocative	sclave	sclavī

Descendants

• Eastern Romance:
  • Aromanian: shcljau, shcljeauã
  • Romanian: șcheau, șchiau
• Italian: schiavo, stiavo
• Sardinian: isciabu, isciau, isclavu, iscrau, iscravu, sciau
• Sicilian: schiavu
• Friulian: sclâf, sclâv
• Venetian: sciavo, s-ciao
  • → Italian: ciao (see there for further descendants)
• → Albanian: shqa (earlier borrowing), skllav (later borrowing)
• → Aromanian: sclav, sclavu
• → Asturian: esclavu
• → Breton: sklav
• → Catalan: esclau
• → Galician: escravo
• → German: Sklave
• → Manx: sleab
• → Middle Dutch: slave
  • Dutch: slaaf
    • Afrikaans: slaaf
    • Negerhollands: slaav
    • → Caribbean Javanese: slaf
    • → Sranan Tongo: srafu
• → Middle French: sclave
  • French: esclave
    • Haitian Creole: esklav
  • → English: slave
    • → Welsh: slaf, yslaf
• → Middle High German: sklafe, sklave
  • German: Sklave, Sclave, Sklav, Slav, Slave, Slaf, Slafe, Schlav, Schlave, Schlaff, Schlaffe
    • → Danish: slave
    • → Norwegian: slave
• → Old Irish: scláb
• → Occitan: esclau
• → Portuguese: escravo
• → Romanian: sclav
• → Scots: sclave
• → Spanish: esclavo
• → Yiddish: שקלאַף‎ (shklaf)

References

• sclavus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

1. “slave”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
2. “slave”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary