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单词 school
释义

school

See also: School and schööl

English

Pronunciation

  • enPR: sko͞ol, IPA(key): /skuːl/
  • (General Australian) IPA(key): /skuːɫ/
  • Audio (Received Pronunciation)(file)
  • Rhymes: -uːl

Etymology 1

Elementary school

From Middle English scole, from Old English scōl (“place of education”), from Proto-Germanic *skōla (“school”), from Late Latin schola, scola (“learned discussion or dissertation, lecture, school”), from Ancient Greek σχολεῖον (skholeîon), from σχολή (skholḗ, “spare time, leisure”), from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- (“to hold, have, possess”). Doublet of schola and shul.

Compare Old Frisian skūle, schūle (“school”) (West Frisian skoalle, Saterland Frisian Skoule), Dutch school (“school”), German Low German School (“school”), Old High German scuola (“school”), German Schule (“school”), Bavarian Schui (“school”), Old Norse skóli (“school”).

Influenced in some senses by Middle English schole (“group of persons, host, company”), from Middle Dutch scole (“multitude, troop, band”). See school1. Related also to Old High German sigi (German Sieg, “victory”), Old English siġe, sigor (“victory”).

Alternative forms

  • schole (obsolete)

Noun

school (countable and uncountable, plural schools)

  1. (Canada, US) An institution dedicated to teaching and learning; an educational institution.
    Our children attend a public school in our neighborhood.
    Harvard University is a famous American postsecondary school.
    Synonyms: academy, college, university
  2. (Britain) An educational institution providing primary and secondary education, prior to tertiary education (college or university).
    • 2013 July 19, Mark Tran, “Denied an education by war”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 1:
      One particularly damaging, but often ignored, effect of conflict on education is the proliferation of attacks on schools […] as children, teachers or school buildings become the targets of attacks. Parents fear sending their children to school. Girls are particularly vulnerable to sexual violence.
  3. (UK) At Eton College, a period or session of teaching.
    Divinity, history and geography are studied for two schools per week.
  4. Within a larger educational institution, an organizational unit, such as a department or institute, which is dedicated to a specific subject area.
    We are enrolled in the same university, but I attend the School of Economics and my brother is in the School of Music.
    Synonyms: college, department, faculty, institute
  5. An art movement, a community of artists.
    The Barbizon school of painters were part of an art movement towards Realism in art, which arose in the context of the dominant Romantic movement of the time.
  6. (considered collectively) The followers of a particular doctrine; a particular way of thinking or particular doctrine; a school of thought.
    • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 3, in The China Governess‎:
      Here the stripped panelling was warmly gold and the pictures, mostly of the English school, were mellow and gentle in the afternoon light.
    These economists belong to the monetarist school.
    • 1660, Jeremy Taylor, The Worthy Communicant; or a Discourse of the Nature, Effects, and Blessings consequent to the worthy receiving of the Lords Supper
      Let no man be less confident in his faith […] by reason of any difference of judgment , which is in the several schools of Christians.
  7. The time during which classes are attended or in session in an educational institution.
    I’ll see you after school.
  8. The room or hall in English universities where the examinations for degrees and honours are held.
  9. The canons, precepts, or body of opinion or practice, sanctioned by the authority of a particular class or age.
    He was a gentleman of the old school.
    • 1883, Arthur Sherburne Hardy, But Yet a Woman
      His face pale but striking, though not handsome after the schools.
  10. An establishment offering specialized instruction, as for driving, cooking, typing, coding, etc.
Hyponyms
  • See also Thesaurus:school
Coordinate terms
  • (institution providing primary and secondary education): nursery school, kindergarten, college, polytechnic, university
Derived terms
  • boarding school
  • comprehensive school
  • cram school
  • elementary school
  • grade school
  • grammar school
  • high school
  • home school
  • infant school
  • junior high school
  • junior school
  • lower school
  • magnet school
  • middle school
  • new school
  • non-school, nonschool
  • nursery school
  • old school
  • prep school
  • primary school
  • private school
  • public school
  • real school
  • school age
  • schoolbag
  • school band
  • schoolbook
  • schoolboy
  • schoolchild
  • schoolday, school day
  • schoolfellow
  • schoolfriend
  • schoolgirl
  • schoolground
  • school holidays
  • schoolkid
  • schoolma'am
  • schoolmaster
  • schoolmistress
  • school night
  • school of thought
  • school's out
  • schoolteacher
  • school trip
  • schoolwork
  • school year, schoolyear
  • secondary modern school
  • secondary school
  • skoo
  • state school
  • Sunday school
  • tell tales out of school
  • upper school
Descendants
  • Bislama: skul
  • Kriol: skul
  • Nigerian Pidgin: skul
  • Tok Pisin: skul, sikul
  • Pijin: skul
  • → Afar: iskool
  • → Assamese: স্কুল (skul)
  • → Bengali: স্কুল (skul)
  • → Dura: स्कूल
  • → East Futuna: sekolā
  • → Hindi: स्कूल (skūl)
  • → Maori: kura
  • → Nepali: स्कुल (skul)
  • → Punjabi: ਸਕੂਲ (sakūl)
  • → Swahili: skule, skuli
  • → Urdu: اسکول‎‎
  • → Yup'ik: eskuulaq
Translations

Verb

school (third-person singular simple present schools, present participle schooling, simple past and past participle schooled)

  1. (transitive) To educate, teach, or train (often, but not necessarily, in a school).
    Many future prime ministers were schooled in Eton.
  2. (transitive) To defeat emphatically, to teach an opponent a harsh lesson.
    • 1998 April 13, Leigh Jones, “National Bar Exam Methods Win in ADA Regulation Test”, in The Journal Record:
      A blind law graduate who put the National Conference of Bar Examiners to the test got schooled in federal court.
    • 2006, Steve Smith, Forever Red: Confessions of a Cornhusker Football Fan, page 67:
      Two weeks later, the Cornhuskers put on their road whites again and promptly got schooled by miserable Iowa State in Ames. After the shocking loss […]
    • 2007, Peter David; Alvin Sargent, Spider-Man 3, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 216:
      "You again?" Sandman demanded. "I guess you didn't learn your lesson."
      "This time I'm gonna school you."
    • 2022 March 31, David Yaffe-Bellany, “Ben McKenzie Would Like a Word With the Crypto Bros”, in The New York Times‎, ISSN 0362-4331:
      Mr. Harris said he was confident he could go toe to toe with any skeptic; he bragged that he’d recently schooled some crypto haters from Vice News.
  3. (transitive) To control, or compose, one’s expression.
    She took care to school her expression, not giving away any of her feelings.
Derived terms
  • schooling
Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English scole, schole (“group of persons, multitude, host, school of fish”), from Middle Dutch scole (“multitude, troop of people, swarm of animals”), from Old Dutch *scola, *skola (“troop, multitude”), from Frankish *skolu, from Proto-Germanic *skulō (“crowd”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷel- (“crowd, people”).

Cognate with Middle Low German schōle (“multitude, troop”), Old English scolu (“troop or band of people, host, multitude, school of fish”). Doublet of shoal.

Alternative forms

  • skull (obsolete)

Noun

A school (sense 1) of fish

school (plural schools)

  1. (collective) A group of fish or a group of marine mammals such as porpoises, dolphins, or whales.
    The divers encountered a huge school of mackerel.
    Synonym: shoal
  2. A multitude.
Translations

Verb

school (third-person singular simple present schools, present participle schooling, simple past and past participle schooled)

  1. (intransitive, of fish) To form into, or travel in, a school.

Further reading

  • school on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
  • school (fish) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
  • school (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

  • cholos

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sxoːl/
  • audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: school
  • Rhymes: -oːl

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch schôle, from Latin schola, from Ancient Greek σχολή (skholḗ).

Noun

school f (plural scholen, diminutive schooltje n)

  1. A school, educational institution that provides education, whether combined with research or not
  2. A thematic educational institute within a larger one, such as in a university for a single research field.
  3. Any organisation providing instruction.
  4. A movement or stylistic trend.
Derived terms
  • avondschool
  • basisschool
  • dansschool
  • hogeschool
  • kleuterschool
  • kweekschool
  • lagere school
  • leerschool
  • middelbare school
  • muziekschool
  • rijschool
  • scholen
  • schoolarts
  • schoolbank
  • schoolboek
  • schoolbord
  • schoolhuis
  • schoolinspectie
  • schooljongen
  • schoolkind
  • schoolkrijt
  • schoolmeester
  • schoolplein
  • schoolradio
  • schooltas
  • schooltelevisie
  • school-tv
  • schoolvakantie
  • schoolvos
  • schoolziek
  • sportschool
  • toneelschool
Descendants
  • Afrikaans: skool
    • → Northern Ndebele: isikolo
    • → Nǀuu: skool
    • → Sotho: sekolo
    • → Southern Ndebele: isikolo
    • → Shona: chikoro (through a Nguni intermediate)
    • → Tsonga: xikolo
    • → Venda: tshikolo
    • → Xhosa: isikolo
    • → Zulu: isikole
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: skul, sulu
  • Negerhollands: skoel, skool
  • Petjo: skola, sekola
  • → Arawak: sulu
  • → Aukan: sikoo
  • →? Caribbean Hindustani: skul
  • → Kwinti: skoro, skoo
  • → Papiamentu: skol, skool
  • → Saramaccan: sikoò
  • → Sranan Tongo: skoro
    • → Wayana: sikoro
  • → Trió: sikora

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch schōle, from Old Dutch *skola, from Proto-West Germanic *skolu, from Proto-Germanic *skulō, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷel- (“crowd, people”).

Noun

school f (plural scholen, diminutive schooltje n)

  1. A school, group of fish or other aquatic animals.
Derived terms
  • samenscholen

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

school

  1. singular past indicative of schuilen
  2. first-person singular present indicative of scholen
  3. imperative of scholen
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