saudade
Galician
Alternative forms
- soidade
Etymology
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese soydade, soidade (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin sōlitātem (“solitude”). For the unexpected phonetic development, see the entry for Portuguese saudade.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [sawˈðaðɪ]
Noun
saudade f (plural saudades)
- wistfulness, melancholy, nostalgia, longing; the feeling of missing something or someone
- 1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé (ed.), Os Miragres de Santiago. Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 47:
- Quando aquel Ihesus, meu señor, ya por la terras preegar, eu avia de moy grãde amor et soydade de veer a sua façe et quigi mãdar pintar a semelança do seu rrostro, que era a mays fremosa criatura do mũdo, en hũu pano por fillar cõ ela prazer et cõforto quando o vise; et querendoo fazer cõteyllo todo, et el pediome o pano et posoo ẽna sua cara et doumo encayado cõ tal figura cal era o seu santo rrostro;
- When that Jesus, my Lord, was going about the lands preaching, I had, because of how big was my love, longing for seeing His face; and I wanted to order a paint after His face, which was the most beautiful creation in the world, in a cloth, for having joy and confort whenever I saw it; and wanting to do it I told him, and He asked me for the cloth, put it on His face and gave it back to me stuck with a figure that was no other than His holy face;
- Quando aquel Ihesus, meu señor, ya por la terras preegar, eu avia de moy grãde amor et soydade de veer a sua façe et quigi mãdar pintar a semelança do seu rrostro, que era a mays fremosa criatura do mũdo, en hũu pano por fillar cõ ela prazer et cõforto quando o vise; et querendoo fazer cõteyllo todo, et el pediome o pano et posoo ẽna sua cara et doumo encayado cõ tal figura cal era o seu santo rrostro;
- Synonym: señardade
- 1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé (ed.), Os Miragres de Santiago. Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 47:
See also
- morriña (“homesickness”)
References
- “soidade” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “soydade” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “saudade” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “saudade” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “soidade” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Portuguese
Alternative forms
- saùdade (obsolete)
Etymology
From Old Portuguese suidade, soidade, soedade, from Latin sōlitātem (“solitude”). The modern saudade may owe its irregular development to one or more of the following factors:[1]
- Analogy with Arabic سَوْدَاء (sawdāʾ, “melancholy”, literally “black bile”)
- Learned hypercorrection; cf. the 'vulgar' coisa alongside the Latinism causa
- Analogy with words such as saudar (“to wish good health”) or the archaic saudade ("salvation" < *salūtātem)
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /sawˈda.d͡ʒi/ [saʊ̯ˈda.d͡ʒi]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /sawˈda.de/ [saʊ̯ˈda.de]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /sɐwˈda.d(ɨ)/ [sɐwˈða.ð(ɨ)], /sawˈda.d(ɨ)/ [sawˈða.ð(ɨ)]
- (Northeast Brazil) IPA(key): /saw.ˈda.di/
- Rhymes: (Brazil) -ad͡ʒi, (Portugal) -adɨ
- Hyphenation: sau‧da‧de
Audio (Center-West, BR) (file)
Noun
saudade f (plural saudades)
- wistfulness, melancholy, nostalgia, longing; the feeling of missing something or someone
- sentir saudade de alguém ― to miss someone
- ter saudades de casa ― to miss home, to feel homesick
- matar saudades ― to catch up
Usage notes
The verb to miss (someone) may be translated as to have (ter), to feel (sentir) or to be with (estar com) saudade. It may be used in the singular or plural indiscriminately.
Derived terms
- saudoso
- saudosismo
- saudosista
Descendants
- Kabuverdianu: sodade
- Kristang: saudadi
- → Esperanto: saŭdado
- → Spanish: saudade
See also
- Welsh hiraeth
- Appendix:Terms considered difficult or impossible to translate into English
References
- Pap, Leo. 1992. On the etymology of Portuguese SAUDADE: An instance of multiple causation?. Word 43. 97–102.
Further reading
saudade on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Spanish
Etymology
From Portuguese saudade, from Old Portuguese soydade. Doublet of soledad.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sauˈdade/ [sau̯ˈð̞a.ð̞e]
- Rhymes: -ade
- Syllabification: sau‧da‧de
Noun
saudade f (plural saudades)
- the feeling of missing something or someone
Further reading
- “saudade”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014