sardonyx
English
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin sardonyx.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sɑː(ɹ)ˈdɒnɪks/
- Homophone: sardonics
- Rhymes: -ɒnɪks
Noun
sardonyx (countable and uncountable, plural sardonyxes)
- A gemstone having bands of red sard; a variety of onyx or chalcedony.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Revelation 21:20:
- The fifth, sardonyx; the sixth, sardius; the seventh, chrysolyte; the eighth, beryl; the ninth, a topaz; the tenth, a chrysoprasus; the eleventh, a jacinth; the twelfth, an amethyst.
- 1980, Colin Thubron, Seafarers: The Venetians, page 40:
- The large chalice at right is carved from a single chunk of sardonyx, a kind of onyx. Its gilded rim and base are decorated with tiny enamels depicting a host of popular saints, including Nicephorus (farthest left on rim), a Ninth Century patriarch and opponent of a religious movement to destroy icons.
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- (heraldry) A tincture of sanguine colour when the blazoning is done by precious stones.
Translations
gemstone banded with red sard
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Further reading
- sardonyx on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Latin
Etymology
From the Ancient Greek σαρδόνυξ m (sardónux).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈsar.do.nyks/, [ˈs̠ärd̪ɔnʏks̠]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈsar.do.niks/, [ˈsärd̪oniks]
Noun
sardonyx m or f (genitive sardonychos or sardonychis); third declension
- sardonyx
Declension
Third-declension noun (Greek-type, normal variant or non-Greek-type).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | sardonyx | sardonyches sardonychēs |
Genitive | sardonychos sardonychis | sardonychum |
Dative | sardonychī | sardonychibus |
Accusative | sardonycha sardonychem | sardonychas sardonychēs |
Ablative | sardonyche | sardonychibus |
Vocative | sardonyx | sardonyches sardonychēs |
Derived terms
- sardonycha
- sardonychātus
- sardonychus
Descendants
- English: sardonyx
- Italian: sardonice
References
- “sardŏnyx”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “sardonyx”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- sardŏnyx in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 1,393/1
- “sardonyx”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
- “sardonyx” on page 1,691/3 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)