artichoke

artichoke

English

Etymology

From Lombard articioc, from Occitan artichaut, from Old Spanish alcarchofa, from Andalusian Arabic الْخَرْشُوف‎ (al-ḵaršūf), from Arabic الْخُرْشُوف‎ (al-ḵuršūf), definite form of خُرْشُوف‎ (ḵuršūf).[1][2][3]

Pronunciation

• (rhotic) IPA^(key): /ˈɑɹ.tɪˌtʃəʊk/
• (non-rhotic) IPA^(key): /ˈɑː.tɪˌtʃəʊk/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Noun

artichoke (plural artichokes)

1. A plant related to the thistle with enlarged flower heads eaten as a vegetable while immature, Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus.
2. A dull green colour, like that of an artichoke.

   artichoke:  

Synonyms

• globe artichoke (edible variety)
• cardoon (wild variety)
• Cynara scolymus (the former taxonomic name)
• Cynara cardunculus (the currently accepted taxonomic name, which also includes cardoons)

Derived terms

• artichoke bottom
• artichoke heart
• choke

Related terms

• Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus)

Descendants

• → Bengali: হাতিচোক (haticok)
• → Cantonese: 雅枝竹(洋薊)
• → Hebrew: ארטישוק‎
• → Hindustani:
  • Hindi: आटिचोक (āṭicok)
  • Urdu: اٹچوک‎ (āṭicok)
• → Indonesian: articok
• → Korean: 아티초크 (atichokeu)
• → Japanese: アーティチョーク
• → South Levantine Arabic: أرضي شوكي‎
• → Thai: อาติโช๊ค

Translations

vegetable

Afrikaans: artisjok Albanian: angjinare (sq) f Amharic: ከርቹፍ (kärčuf), ኀርቹፍ (ḫärčuf) Arabic: خُرْشُوف‎ m (ḵuršūf), خُرْشُوفَة‎ f (ḵuršūfa) (singulative), أَرْضِي شَوْكِي‎ m (ʾarḍī šawkī, ʾarḍī šōkī) Egyptian Arabic: خرشوف‎ m pl (ḵaršūf), خرشوفة‎ f (ḵaršūfa) (singulative) Hijazi Arabic: خَرْشوف‎ m pl (ḵaršūf) Moroccan Arabic: قوق‎ (qūq), خرشوف‎ (ḵaršūf), خرشف‎ (ḵuršuf), قنارية‎ (qannāriyya) Tunisian Arabic: ڨنّاريّة‎ f (gennariya) Armenian: կանկառ (hy) (kankaṙ) Asturian: alcachofa (ast) f Azerbaijani: artişok, ənginar Basque: orburu Belarusian: артышо́к m (artyšók) Bengali: হাতিচোক (bn) (haticok) Bulgarian: артишо́к m (artišók) Burmese: ပဲပိုးတီ (my) (pai:pui:ti) Catalan: carxofera (ca) f (plant), carxofa (ca) (flower) Chinese: Mandarin: 洋薊／洋蓟 (zh) (yángjì), 朝鮮薊／朝鲜蓟 (cháoxiǎnjì), 洋百合 (yángbǎihé), 法國百合／法国百合 (fǎguó bǎihé) Czech: artyčok (cs) m Danish: artiskok c Dutch: artisjok (nl) m Esperanto: artiŝoko Estonian: artišokk Faroese: artiskokkur m Finnish: latva-artisokka (fi), artisokka (fi) French: artichaut (fr) m Galician: alcachofra (gl) f, herba tioura f, herba punteira f Georgian: არტიშოკი (arṭišoḳi) German: Artischocke (de) f Greek: αγκινάρα (el) f (agkinára) Ancient: σκόλυμος m (skólumos), κινάρα f (kinára), κᾰ́κτος m (káktos) Hebrew: אַרְטִישׁוֹק‎ (he) m (artishók), קִנְרֵס‎ m (kinrés), חֻרְשָׁף‎ (he) m (khursháf) Hindi: आटिचोक (āṭicok), हाथीचक (hi) (hāthīcak) Hungarian: articsóka (hu) Icelandic: ætiþistill m, þistilhjarta (is) n Ido: artichoko (io) Irish: bliosán m Italian: carciofo (it) m Japanese: アーティチョーク (ja) (ātichōku), 朝鮮薊 (ja) (ちょうせんあざみ, Chōsen azami) (Korean thistle) Kazakh: бөрікгүл (börıkgül), артишок (artişok) Korean: 아티초크 (atichokeu) Kyrgyz: артишок (ky) (artişok) Ladino: endjinara, anginara Latin: carduus m Latvian: artišoks m Ligurian: articiòcca f Lithuanian: artišokas m Macedonian: артичо́ка m (artičóka) Malay: articok, kharsyuf Maltese: qaqoċċa f Maori: atihoka Navajo: azeeʼ hókániitsoh daadánígíí Norman: artichaut vèrt m (Jersey) Norwegian: Bokmål: artisjokk (no) m, artiskokk m Nynorsk: artisjokk m, artiskokk m Occitan: carchòfa (oc) f Pennsylvania German: Aerdabbel Persian: کنگر فرنگی‎ (kangar-e-farangi), آرتیشو‎ (fa) (ârtišo), انگنار‎ (fa) (angenâr) Polish: karczoch (pl) m Portuguese: alcachofra (pt) f, alcachofra hortense f Romagnol: please add this translation if you can Romanian: anghinare (ro) f Romansch: artischocca f Russian: артишо́к (ru) m (artišók) Scottish Gaelic: bliochdan m Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: артичока f Roman: artičoka (sh) f Sicilian: cacòcciulu (scn) m, cacòcciula (scn) f, carciòffula (scn) f Slovak: artičoka (sk) f Slovene: artičoka (sl) f Sorbian: Lower Sorbian: artišoka f Upper Sorbian: artišoka f Spanish: alcachofa (es) f, alcaucil (es) m (Argentina, Southern Spain), alcachofera f (plant) Swedish: kronärtskocka (sv) c Tagalog: alkatsopas Tajik: анганор (anganor) Thai: อาติโช๊ค Turkish: enginar (tr) Turkmen: artişok Ukrainian: артишо́к (uk) m (artyšók) Urdu: اٹچوک‎ (āṭicok) Uzbek: artishok Venetian: articioco m, articiòco (vec) m, articiòch (vec) m Vietnamese: atisô Volapük: tijod (vo), (older term) tijep Welsh: artisiog Yiddish: אַרטישאָק‎ m (artishok)

References

1. Elcock, W. D. (1960) The Romance Languages‎, page 282: "Borrowed directly from the Qairawān–Sicily region, without the article, the same Arabic word appears in Italian as carciofo; the Spanish form penetrated, however, into Provence, where it became archichaut, arquichaut, and thence into northern Italy as articiocco".
2. “alcachofa”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
3. artichaut in Dicod'oc

• Michael Quinion (2004), “Artichoke”, in Ballyhoo, Buckaroo, and Spuds: Ingenious Tales of Words and Their Origins, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books in association with Penguin Books, →ISBN.