sain
English
Etymology
From Middle English sainen, seinen, senen, sinen, signen, from Old English sēnian, seġnian, from Proto-Germanic *segnōną (“to mark with a cross, bless”), from Latin signō, from signum.[1][2] Cognate with Dutch zegenen (“to bless”), German segnen (“to bless”), Irish séan (“sign, omen”) and Scottish Gaelic seun (“a charm”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /seɪn/
- Rhymes: -eɪn
- Homophones: sane, Seine (one pronunciation)
Verb
sain (third-person singular simple present sains, present participle saining, simple past and past participle sained)
- (transitive, archaic) To make the sign of the cross on or over something or someone.
- (intransitive, obsolete except in Scots) To make the sign of the cross.
- (transitive, archaic) To bless, to keep from evil influence.
- Sain usǃ Sain us, oh Godǃ.
- 1889, Edmund Doidge Anderson Morshead (transl.), Agamemnon, page 57 in The House of Atreus, 2nd edition,
- Far from my speech stands he who sains and saves.
- 1983, Robert Nye, The Facts of Life:
- The child was sained then. Fir candles were lighted and whirled round the bed in which mother and infant lay.
Translations
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References
- “sain”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
- “sain”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
Anagrams
- ANSI, ASIN, ISNA, Isan, Nias, Sani, Sian, Sina, anis, as in, nais, nasi, nasi', nias
Bavarian
Verb
sain
- (Sappada, Sauris, Timau) to be
References
- Umberto Patuzzi, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar, Luserna: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien.
Bikol Central
Alternative forms
- saen
Etymology
Compare Tagalog saan.
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: sa‧in
- IPA(key): /saˈʔin/
Adverb
sàin
- (interrogative, directive) where
- Sain mo siya nahiling?
- Where did you see him?
Derived terms
- maski sain
- nasain
- pasain
- sain man
Related terms
- hain
Cebuano
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: sa‧in
- IPA(key): /ˈsaʔin/, [ˈs̪a.ʔɪn̪]
Adverb
sain
- which
Cimbrian
Alternative forms
- zèinan, soin
Etymology
From Middle High German sein, sīn, from Old High German sīn (“to be”). Cognate with German sein.
Verb
sain (irregular, auxiliary sain)
- (Tredici Comuni) to be
References
- Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Estonian
Verb
sain
- First-person singular past form of saama.
Finnish
Verb
sain
- first-person singular past indicative of saada
Anagrams
- Sian, anis, nais, nais-, sian
French
Etymology
From Old French sain, from Latin sānus, from Proto-Indo-European *swā-n- (“healthy; whole; active; vigorous”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sɛ̃/
audio (file) - Homophones: sains, saint, saints, sein, seing, seings, seins
- Rhymes: -ɛ̃
Adjective
sain (feminine saine, masculine plural sains, feminine plural saines)
- healthy; in good health
- healthful; beneficial to health of body or mind
Derived terms
- sain et sauf
Related terms
- santé
- sanitaire
Further reading
- “sain”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- anis, nais, nias
Manchu
Romanization
sain
- Romanization of ᠰᠠᡳᠨ
Middle English
Verb
sain
- Alternative form of seien
Old French
Etymology
From Latin sānus.
Adjective
sain m (oblique and nominative feminine singular saine)
- healthy; in good health
Descendants
- French: sain
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *sanis (“different”) (whence Welsh hân (“separation”), from Proto-Indo-European *senH-; cognate with Latin sine, Ancient Greek ἄτερ (áter, “without, apart from”), Sanskrit सनितुर् (sanitúr, “without”), Old English sundor (“apart, separately”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sanʲ/
Adjective
sain
- different
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 14c23
- co beid .i. co mbed a ndéde sin im labrad-sa .i. gáu et fír .i. combad sain a n‑as·berin ó bélib et aní imme·rádin ó chridiu
- so that there may be, i.e. so that those two things might be in my speaking, namely false and true, i.e. so that what I might say with [my] lips and what I might think with [my] heart might be different
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 14c23
- special
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 73d7
- Ná eiplet húan bás coitchen húa n‑epil cách, acht foircniter húa sain-bás sech cách.
- Let them not die by the common death by which everyone dies, but let them be ended by a special death different from everyone.
- c. 850, “Pangur Bán”, stanza 1:
- Messe ocus Pangur Bán, cechtar náthar fria sain-dán
bíth a menma-sam fri seilgg mu menma céin im sain-cheirdd.- I and Pangur Bán, each of us two at his special art:
his mind is at hunting, my own mind is in my special craft.
- I and Pangur Bán, each of us two at his special art:
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 73d7
Usage notes
This adjective is uninflected and always precedes the noun it modifies, which (unless it starts with one of d l n s t) undergoes lenition.
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| sain | ṡain | unchanged |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 sain”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Romanian
Etymology
From Latin suīnus.
Noun
sain n (plural sainuri)
- (archaic) pork meat
See also
- porc
- carne
Romansch
Alternative forms
- (Sursilvan) sein
- (Sutsilvan, Surmiran) sagn
Etymology
From Latin sinus (compare French sein, Italian seno, Romanian sân, Spanish seno).
Noun
sain m
- (Rumantsch Grischun, anatomy) breast (of a woman)
Related terms
- (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran) pèz
- (Sutsilvan) péz
- (Puter, Vallader) pet
Scots
Etymology
From Middle English (whence also English sain), from Old English, from Latin. Cognate to Scottish Gaelic seun (“a charm”).
Verb
sain
- to bless or consecrate
- to make the sign of the cross, to genuflect
Southern Catanduanes Bicolano
Adverb
sàin
- (interrogative, directive) where
- Sain mo siya nahiling?
- Where did you see him?
Related terms
- asain
Wè Northern
Pronunciation
- starts with a low tone and moves to a high tone
Adjective
sain
- red, yellow
Welsh
Etymology
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sten- (“to roar”).[1][2] Cognate with German stöhnen (“to groan, moan”), Ancient Greek στένω (sténō, “to moan, to sigh, to bewail”), Russian стена́ть (stenátʹ, “to moan, groan”), Sanskrit स्तनति (stánati, “to rattle, to rumble”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sai̯n/
- Rhymes: -ai̯n
Noun
sain f (plural seiniau, not mutable)
- sound
- Synonym: sŵn
Derived terms
- atsain (“echo”)
- cytsain (“consonant”)
- deusain (“diphthong”)
- persain (“symphony”)
- seindorf (“band”)
- seineg (“phonetics”)
Related terms
- darstain (“resound, reverberate”)[2]
References
- Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “darstain”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Westrobothnian
Alternative forms
- sein
Etymology
From Old Norse seinn, from Proto-Germanic *sainaz, *sainijaz.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sáɪ̯ːn/ (example of pronunciation)
- Rhymes: -éɪ̯ːn
Adjective
sain (comparative sainan, superlative sainest)
- well late; arriving late; sluggish, tardy