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单词 sacrifice
释义

sacrifice

English

Etymology

From Middle English sacrificen (verb) and sacrifice (noun), from Old French sacrifice, from Latin sacrificium (“sacrifice”), from sacrificō (“make or offer a sacrifice”), from sacer (“sacred, holy”) + faciō (“do, make”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsækɹɪfaɪs/, (now rare or poetic) /ˈsækɹɪfaɪz/[1]
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Hyphenation: sac‧ri‧fice

Verb

sacrifice (third-person singular simple present sacrifices, present participle sacrificing, simple past and past participle sacrificed)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) To offer (something) as a gift to a deity.
  2. (transitive) To give away (something valuable) to get at least a possibility of gaining something else of value (such as self-respect, trust, love, freedom, prosperity), or to avoid an even greater loss.
    Venison has many advantages over meat from factory farms, although it still requires a hunter to sacrifice the life of a deer.
    • 1960 February, R. C. Riley, “The London-Birmingham services - Past, Present and Future”, in Trains Illustrated, page 99:
      To do the job thoroughly sentiment must be ignored and it seems inevitable that the famous Great Hall and the Doric Arch will have to be sacrificed to progress.
    • 1964, Holland-Dozier-Holland (lyrics and music), “Baby Don't You Do It”, performed by Marvin Gaye:
      Don’t you break my heart / ’Cause I sacrifice to make you happy.
    • 2010, BioWare, Mass Effect 2 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, OCLC 865290061, PC, scene: Haestrom:
      Tali: The Admiralty Board believed the information here was worth sacrificing all our lives for. I have to believe that they know what's best.
    • “God sacrificed His only begotten Son, so that all people might have eternal life.” (a paraphrase of John 3:16)
    • 1718, Mat[thew] Prior, “Solomon on the Vanity of the World. A Poem in Three Books.”, in Poems on Several Occasions, London: […] Jacob Tonson […], and John Barber […], OCLC 5634253, (please specify the page):
      Condemned to sacrifice his childish years / To babbling ignorance, and to empty fears.
    • 1857, George Eliot, s:Scenes of Clerical Life
      The Baronet had sacrificed a large sum […] for the sake of […] making this boy his heir.
  3. (transitive) To trade (a value of higher worth) for something of lesser worth in order to gain something else valued more, such as an ally or business relationship, or to avoid an even greater loss; to sell without profit to gain something other than money.
    • 1957, Ayn Rand, Atlas Shrugged
      If you exchange a penny for a dollar, it is not a sacrifice; if you exchange a dollar for a penny, it is.
  4. (transitive, chess) To intentionally give up (a piece) in order to improve one’s position on the board.
  5. (transitive, baseball) To advance (a runner on base) by batting the ball so it can be fielded, placing the batter out, but with insufficient time to put the runner out.
  6. (dated, tradesmen's slang) To sell at a price less than the cost or actual value.
  7. To destroy; to kill.
  8. (medicine) To kill a test animal for autopsy.

Synonyms

  • (to offer to a deity): Molochize
  • (to sell without profit): sell at a loss

Derived terms

  • sacrificial

Translations

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

sacrifice (countable and uncountable, plural sacrifices)

  1. The offering of anything to a god; a consecratory rite.
    • 1671, John Milton, “Samson Agonistes, […]”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J. M[acock] for John Starkey […], OCLC 228732398, line 322, page 78:
      Great pomp, and sacrifice, and praises loud, / To Dagon.
  2. The destruction or surrender of anything for the sake of something else; the devotion of something desirable to something higher, or to a calling deemed more pressing.
    the sacrifice of one's spare time in order to volunteer
    1. (baseball) A play in which the batter is intentionally out so that one or more runners can advance around the bases.
  3. Something sacrificed.
    • 1667, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554, lines 392–393:
      Firſt Moloch, horrid King beſmear'd with blood / Of human ſacrifice, and parents tears,
  4. A loss of profit.
  5. (slang, dated) A sale at a price less than the cost or the actual value.

Translations

References

  1. The Chambers Dictionary, 9th Ed., 2003

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin sacrificium.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sa.kʁi.fis/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -is

Noun

sacrifice m (plural sacrifices)

  1. sacrifice
  • sacrificiel
  • sacrifier

Further reading

  • “sacrifice”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Latin

Adjective

sacrifice

  1. vocative masculine singular of sacrificus

Romanian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [saˈkrifit͡ʃe]

Verb

sacrifice

  1. third-person singular/plural present subjunctive of sacrifica
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