sacramentum
English
Etymology
Latin sacrāmentum
Noun
sacramentum (plural sacramenta)
- (historical) An Ancient Roman oath or vow that rendered the swearer "given to the gods", in the negative sense if he violated it.
Latin
Etymology
From sacrō (“consecrate, dedicate, devote”) + -mentum, from sacer (“sacred, holy”) + -mentum.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /sa.kraːˈmen.tum/, [s̠äkräːˈmɛn̪t̪ʊ̃ˑ]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /sa.kraˈmen.tum/, [säkräˈmɛn̪t̪um]
Noun
sacrāmentum n (genitive sacrāmentī); second declension
- A sum of money deposited in pledge by two individuals involved in a suit. The money of the loser in the suit was used for religious purposes.
- (military) An oath of allegiance.
- Synonyms: iusiurandum, iūrāmentum, iūrandum
- (Ecclesiastical Latin) Sacrament.
- (Ecclesiastical Latin) A mystery, secret.
Declension
Second-declension noun (neuter).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | sacrāmentum | sacrāmenta |
Genitive | sacrāmentī | sacrāmentōrum |
Dative | sacrāmentō | sacrāmentīs |
Accusative | sacrāmentum | sacrāmenta |
Ablative | sacrāmentō | sacrāmentīs |
Vocative | sacrāmentum | sacrāmenta |
Derived terms
- sacrāmentālis
Related terms
Related terms
- sacer
- sacerdōs
- sacerdōtālis
- sacerdōtium
- sacerdōtula
- sacrārium
- sacrārius
- sacrātē
- sacrātiō
- sacrātor
- sacricola
- sacrifer
- sacrificālis
- sacrificātiō
- sacrificātor
- sacrificātus
- sacrificiolus
- sacrificium
- sacrificō
- sacrificulus
- sacrificus
- sacrilegē
- sacrilegium
- sacrilegus
- sacrō
- sacrōsanctus
- sacrum
Descendants
- Italo-Romance;
- Old Italian: sacramento
- North Italian:
- Gallo-Italic:
- Old Lombard: sagramento
- Piedmontese: sarament
- Romansch: saramaint, sarament
- Gallo-Italic:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Old Francoprovençal: sariment
- Old French: sagrament (early Old French), sairement, serment
- French: serment
- Occitano-Romance:
- Catalan: sagrament
- Occitan: sagrament
- Ibero-Romance:
- Old Portuguese: sagramento
- Old Spanish: sagramiento
- Borrowings:
- → Asturian: sacramentu
- → Dutch: sacrament
- → English: sacrament
- → French: sacrement
- → Romanian: sacrament
- → Norwegian: sakrament
- → Polish: sakrament
- → Portuguese: sacramento
- → Spanish: sacramento
References
- “sacramentum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “sacramentum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- sacramentum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- sacramentum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to take the military oath: sacramentum (o) dicere (vid. sect. XI. 2, note sacramentum...)
- to make soldiers take the military oath: milites sacramento rogare, adigere
- to take the military oath: sacramentum (o) dicere (vid. sect. XI. 2, note sacramentum...)
- “sacramentum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “sacramentum”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
- Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911), “sacramĕntum”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 563