saccager
French
Etymology
From Italian saccheggiare, from sacco, from Latin saccus.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sa.ka.ʒe/
Audio (file)
Verb
saccager
- (transitive) to sack, pillage
- (transitive, figuratively) to ransack
Conjugation
This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written saccage- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
Conjugation of saccager (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | saccager | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | saccageant /sa.ka.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | saccagé /sa.ka.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | saccage /sa.kaʒ/ | saccages /sa.kaʒ/ | saccage /sa.kaʒ/ | saccageons /sa.ka.ʒɔ̃/ | saccagez /sa.ka.ʒe/ | saccagent /sa.kaʒ/ |
| imperfect | saccageais /sa.ka.ʒɛ/ | saccageais /sa.ka.ʒɛ/ | saccageait /sa.ka.ʒɛ/ | saccagions /sa.ka.ʒjɔ̃/ | saccagiez /sa.ka.ʒje/ | saccageaient /sa.ka.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | saccageai /sa.ka.ʒe/ | saccageas /sa.ka.ʒa/ | saccagea /sa.ka.ʒa/ | saccageâmes /sa.ka.ʒam/ | saccageâtes /sa.ka.ʒat/ | saccagèrent /sa.ka.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | saccagerai /sa.kaʒ.ʁe/ | saccageras /sa.kaʒ.ʁa/ | saccagera /sa.kaʒ.ʁa/ | saccagerons /sa.kaʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | saccagerez /sa.kaʒ.ʁe/ | saccageront /sa.kaʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | saccagerais /sa.kaʒ.ʁɛ/ | saccagerais /sa.kaʒ.ʁɛ/ | saccagerait /sa.kaʒ.ʁɛ/ | saccagerions /sa.ka.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ | saccageriez /sa.ka.ʒə.ʁje/ | saccageraient /sa.kaʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | saccage /sa.kaʒ/ | saccages /sa.kaʒ/ | saccage /sa.kaʒ/ | saccagions /sa.ka.ʒjɔ̃/ | saccagiez /sa.ka.ʒje/ | saccagent /sa.kaʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | saccageasse /sa.ka.ʒas/ | saccageasses /sa.ka.ʒas/ | saccageât /sa.ka.ʒa/ | saccageassions /sa.ka.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ | saccageassiez /sa.ka.ʒa.sje/ | saccageassent /sa.ka.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | saccage /sa.kaʒ/ | — | saccageons /sa.ka.ʒɔ̃/ | saccagez /sa.ka.ʒe/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
- saccageur
Further reading
- “saccager”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.