ruo
See also: ruó, ruò, and ru'o
Translingual
Symbol
ruo
- (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Istro-Romanian.
Latin
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈru.oː/, [ˈruoː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈru.o/, [ˈruːo]
Etymology 1
From Proto-Italic *rowō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rew- . Cognate with Ancient Greek ὀρούω (oroúō, “hurry”).
Verb
ruō (present infinitive ruere, perfect active ruī, supine rutum); third conjugation
- I hurry, rush, hasten, move quickly.
- Synonyms: currō, accurrō, trepidō, festīnō, prōvolō, properō, corripiō, affluō, mātūrō, prōsiliō
- Antonyms: retardō, cūnctor, moror, dubitō, prōtrahō, trahō, differō
- I collapse, fall down.
- I fail, fall.
- Synonyms: corruō, cadō, incidō, incurrō, occidō, accidō
- I cast down; I hurl to the ground, prostrate.
- Synonyms: prōsternō, sternō, fundō, prōflīgō
Conjugation
Conjugation of ruō (third conjugation) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | ruō | ruis | ruit | ruimus | ruitis | ruunt |
imperfect | ruēbam | ruēbās | ruēbat | ruēbāmus | ruēbātis | ruēbant | |
future | ruam | ruēs | ruet | ruēmus | ruētis | ruent | |
perfect | ruī | ruistī | ruit | ruimus | ruistis | ruērunt, ruēre | |
pluperfect | rueram | ruerās | ruerat | ruerāmus | ruerātis | ruerant | |
future perfect | ruerō | rueris | ruerit | ruerimus | rueritis | ruerint | |
passive | present | ruor | rueris, ruere | ruitur | ruimur | ruiminī | ruuntur |
imperfect | ruēbar | ruēbāris, ruēbāre | ruēbātur | ruēbāmur | ruēbāminī | ruēbantur | |
future | ruar | ruēris, ruēre | ruētur | ruēmur | ruēminī | ruentur | |
perfect | rutus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | rutus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
future perfect | rutus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | ruam | ruās | ruat | ruāmus | ruātis | ruant |
imperfect | ruerem | ruerēs | rueret | ruerēmus | ruerētis | ruerent | |
perfect | ruerim | ruerīs | ruerit | ruerīmus | ruerītis | ruerint | |
pluperfect | ruissem | ruissēs | ruisset | ruissēmus | ruissētis | ruissent | |
passive | present | ruar | ruāris, ruāre | ruātur | ruāmur | ruāminī | ruantur |
imperfect | ruerer | ruerēris, ruerēre | ruerētur | ruerēmur | ruerēminī | ruerentur | |
perfect | rutus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | rutus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
imperative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | — | rue | — | — | ruite | — |
future | — | ruitō | ruitō | — | ruitōte | ruuntō | |
passive | present | — | ruere | — | — | ruiminī | — |
future | — | ruitor | ruitor | — | — | ruuntor | |
non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
infinitives | ruere | ruisse | ruitūrum esse | ruī | rutum esse | rutum īrī | |
participles | ruēns | — | ruitūrus | — | rutus | ruendus | |
verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
ruendī | ruendō | ruendum | ruendō | rutum | rutū |
Derived terms
- arruō
- corruō
- dēruō
- diruō
- eruō
- irruō
- obruō
- ruīna
- surruō
Descendants
- French: ruer
- Portuguese: ruir
- Spanish: ruir
- Sardinian: ruere, arrui
Etymology 2
From Proto-Italic *rowō, from Proto-Indo-European *(H)rewH- (“to tear out, dig out”).
Verb
ruō (present infinitive ruere); third conjugation, no perfect or supine stem
- I dig out
Usage notes
There has been some confusion between the derivatives of the two verbs.
Conjugation
Conjugation of ruō (third conjugation, no supine stem, no perfect stem) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | ruō | ruis | ruit | ruimus | ruitis | ruunt |
imperfect | ruēbam | ruēbās | ruēbat | ruēbāmus | ruēbātis | ruēbant | |
future | ruam | ruēs | ruet | ruēmus | ruētis | ruent | |
passive | present | ruor | rueris, ruere | ruitur | ruimur | ruiminī | ruuntur |
imperfect | ruēbar | ruēbāris, ruēbāre | ruēbātur | ruēbāmur | ruēbāminī | ruēbantur | |
future | ruar | ruēris, ruēre | ruētur | ruēmur | ruēminī | ruentur | |
subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | ruam | ruās | ruat | ruāmus | ruātis | ruant |
imperfect | ruerem | ruerēs | rueret | ruerēmus | ruerētis | ruerent | |
passive | present | ruar | ruāris, ruāre | ruātur | ruāmur | ruāminī | ruantur |
imperfect | ruerer | ruerēris, ruerēre | ruerētur | ruerēmur | ruerēminī | ruerentur | |
imperative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | — | rue | — | — | ruite | — |
future | — | ruitō | ruitō | — | ruitōte | ruuntō | |
passive | present | — | ruere | — | — | ruiminī | — |
future | — | ruitor | ruitor | — | — | ruuntor | |
non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
infinitives | ruere | — | — | ruī | — | — | |
participles | ruēns | — | — | — | — | ruendus | |
verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
ruendī | ruendō | ruendum | ruendō | — | — |
Derived terms
- rutrum
- rutus
- rutābulum
References
- “ruo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ruo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ruo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to be ruined, undone: ad interitum ruere
- to be ruined, undone: ad interitum ruere
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 326
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Mandarin
Romanization
ruo
- Nonstandard spelling of ruó.
- Nonstandard spelling of ruò.
Usage notes
- English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.
Marshallese
Etymology
From Proto-Micronesian *rua, from Proto-Oceanic *rua, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *dua, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *dua, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa.
Pronunciation
- (phonetic) IPA(key): [rˠuɔ]
- (phonemic) IPA(key): /rˠiwɛw/
- Bender phonemes: {riwew}
Numeral
ruo
- two
References
- Marshallese–English Online Dictionary