rum

See also: Rum, rúm, rùm, Rùm, rüm, rum., and rum-

Translingual

Symbol

rum

(international standards) ISO 639-2/B language code for Romanian.

English

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɹʌm/
Audio (US) (file)
Rhymes: -ʌm

Etymology 1

In common use since by at least 1654,[1] of uncertain origin. Theories include:

that it derives from rum (“fine, good”), or from the last syllable of Latin saccharum (given the harsh taste of earlier rum, the first theory is now considered unlikely),[2]
that it is a shortening of rumbullion[3] or rumbustion,[4] or
that it is from a Romani word for "strong, potent" which is (perhaps) the source of ramboozle and rumfustian (but these drinks were not originally made with rum)
that it derives from rummer, from Dutch roemer[5]

Alternative forms

rhum (Philippines)

Noun

rum (countable and uncountable, plural rums)

(uncountable) A distilled spirit derived from fermented cane sugar and molasses.
The Royal Navy used to issue a rum ration to sailors.
1. (countable) A serving of rum.
  Jake tossed down three rums.
2. (countable) A kind or brand of rum.
  Bundaberg is one of my favourite rums.
Coordinate term: grog
(obsolete, slang) A queer or odd person or thing.
(obsolete, slang) A country parson.
- 1729, Jonathan Swift, The Grand Question Debated of Hamilton's Bawn
  No company comes / But a rabble of tenants, and rusty dull rums.

Synonyms

(spirit): rumbullion (obsolete)
(odd person): odd duck, strange fish, weirdo; see also Thesaurus:strange person
(odd thing): abnormality, deviant, outlier; see also Thesaurus:anomaly

Derived terms

rum baba

Related terms

baba au rhum

Descendants

Tok Pisin: ram
→ Asturian: ron
→ Belarusian: ром (rom)
→ Burmese: ရမ် (ram)
→ Catalan: rom
→ Chinese: 萊姆／莱姆 (láimǔ)
→ Dutch: rum
→ French: rhum
→ Gamilaraay: yurraamu
→ German: Rum
- → Czech: rum
- → Hungarian: rum
→ Irish: rum
→ Italian: rhum, rum
→ Japanese: ラム (ramu)
→ Korean: 럼 (reom)
→ Maori: rama
→ Mongolian: ром (rom)
→ Norwegian Bokmål: rom
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: rom
→ Polish: rum
→ Romanian: rom (via French and German)
→ Russian: ром (rom), ромъ (rom)
- → Armenian: ռոմ (ṙom)
- → Bulgarian: ром (rom)
- → Georgian: რომი (romi)
⇒ Spanish: romo; → ron
→ Telugu: రమ్ము (rammu)
→ Thai: รัม (ram)
→ Ukrainian: ром (rom)
→ Zulu: ulwamu

Translations

distilled spirit

Albanian: rum (sq) m
Arabic: رَم‎ m (ram)
Armenian: ռոմ (hy) (ṙom)
Asturian: ron (ast) m
Azerbaijani: rom
Belarusian: ром m (rom)
Bengali: রাম (bn) (ram)
Bulgarian: ром (bg) m (rom)
Burmese: ရမ် (my) (ram)
Catalan: rom (ca) m
Chinese:
Cantonese: 冧酒 (lam¹ zau²)
Mandarin: 蘭姆酒／兰姆酒 (zh) (lánmǔjiǔ), 萊姆酒／莱姆酒 (láimǔjiǔ), 朗姆酒 (lǎngmǔjiǔ)
Cornish: romm m
Czech: rum (cs) m
Danish: rom (da) c
Dutch: rum (nl) m
Esperanto: rumo (eo)
Estonian: rumm
Faroese: romm
Finnish: rommi (fi)
French: rhum (fr) m
Galician: ron (gl) m
Georgian: რომი (romi)
German: Rum (de) m
Greek: ρούμι (el) (roúmi)
Hebrew: רום‎ (he) m (rom)
Hindi: रम (hi) (ram)
Hungarian: rum (hu)
Icelandic: romm n
Irish: rum m
Italian: rum (it) m
Japanese: ラム酒 (ramu-shu), ラム (ramu)
Kazakh: ром (rom)
Khmer: ស្រាអំពៅ (sraaʼɑmpɨw), ស្រារ៉ូម (sraa roum)
Korean: 럼 (ko) (reom)
Kyrgyz: ром (rom)
Lao: ເຫລົ້າອ້ອຍ (lao ʼǭi)
Latvian: rums
Lithuanian: romas m
Macedonian: рум m (rum)
Malay: rum
Manx: rum
Maori: rama
Neapolitan: rùmma
Norman: rhunme m
Norwegian:
Bokmål: rom (no) m
Nynorsk: rom m
Occitan: ròm (oc) m
Persian: رم‎ (fa) (rom)
Polish: rum (pl) m
Portuguese: rum (pt) m
Romanian: rom (ro) m
Russian: ром (ru) m (rom)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: рум m
Roman: rum (sh) m
Slovak: rum (sk) m
Slovene: rum (sl) m
Spanish: ron (es) m, romo (es) m (Belize)
Swedish: rom (sv) c
Tagalog: ron
Tajik: ром (rom)
Telugu: రమ్ము (te) (rammu)
Thai: เหล้ารัม (lâo ram), รัม (ram), เหล้า (th) (lâo)
Turkish: rom (tr)
Ukrainian: ром m (rom)
Urdu: رم‎ (ram)
Uzbek: rom (uz)
Vietnamese: rượu rum, rum (vi)
Welsh: rym m
Zulu: ulwamu class 1a/2a

serving

Finnish: rommi (fi)

kind or brand

Bulgarian: ром (bg) m (rom)
Finnish: rommi (fi)

Etymology 2

From the earlier form rome, slang for "good"; possibly of Romani origin; compare rom.

Adjective

rum (comparative rummer, superlative rummest)

(obsolete) Fine, excellent, valuable. [16th c.]
having a rum time
(Britain, colloquial, dated) Strange, peculiar. [18th c.]
a rum idea; a rum fellow
- 1837-9, Charles Dickens, Oliver Twist:
  "Lor, Noah!" said Charlotte, "What a rum creature you are! Why don't you let the boy alone?"
- 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 27, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, OCLC 2057953:
  [H]e stared after Pynsent stupidly, and pronounced to the landlord over the counter that he was a rum one.
- 1951, C. S. Lewis, Prince Caspian, Google Books
  "Can't you see him?"
  "Well, I almost thought I did—for a moment. It's such a rum light."
- 1976, James Herriot, All Things Wise and Wonderful, page 346
  "She's as 'appy as Larry, but she'll neither move nor eat. It's a rum 'un, isn't it?" It was very rum indeed.

Synonyms

(fine, excellent, valuable): exceptional, pukka, top-notch; see also Thesaurus:excellent
(strange, peculiar): bizarre, queer, rummy; see also Thesaurus:strange

Derived terms

rum go

Noun

rum (plural rums)

(Britain, colloquial, dated) Any odd person or thing.

Etymology 3

Shortening of rummy.

Noun

rum

(rare) The card game rummy.

References

In that year, Connecticut ordered confiscation of "whatsoever Barbados liquors, commonly called rum, kill devil and the like". See Charles A. Coulombe, Rum (2005, →ISBN.
Wayne Curtis, And a Bottle of Rum (2006, Random House, →ISBN, pages 34–35.
“rum”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
“rum”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
Anthony Dias Blue, The Complete Book of Spirits : A Guide to Their History, Production, and Enjoyment (2004, HarperCollins, →ISBN

Anagrams

MRU, Mru, RMU, URM

Chuukese

Etymology

Borrowed from English room.

Noun

rum

room

Czech

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈrum]

Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Rum, from English rum, originally rumbullion.[1]

Noun

rum m

rum

Declension

Declension of rum

	singular	plural
nominative	rum	rumy
genitive	rumu	rumů
dative	rumu	rumům
accusative	rum	rumy
vocative	rume	rumy
locative	rumu	rumech
instrumental	rumem	rumy

Etymology 2

Probably from German Rummel (“bustle”).[2]

Noun

rum m

rubble
Synonym: suť

Declension

Declension of rum

	singular	plural
nominative	rum	rumy
genitive	rumu	rumů
dative	rumu	rumům
accusative	rum	rumy
vocative	rume	rumy
locative	rumu	rumech
instrumental	rumem	rumy

Derived terms

rumiště

References

"rum²" in Jiří Rejzek, Český etymologický slovník, electronic version, Leda, 2007
"rum¹" in Jiří Rejzek, Český etymologický slovník, electronic version, Leda, 2007

Danish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /romˀ/, [ˈʁɔmˀ]
Rhymes: -ɔm

Etymology 1

From Old Norse rúm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą (“room, open space”), cognate with English room, German Raum, Dutch ruim, Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼 (rum).

Noun

rum n (singular definite rummet, plural indefinite rum)

room (part of a building)
compartment
(chiefly definite) space (the universe except Earth and its atmosphere)
De fravalgte at udforske rummet.
They chose not to explore space.
rumfarttøj (“space vehicle”), rumrejse (“space travel”)

Inflection

Declension of rum

neuter gender	Singular		Plural
neuter gender	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	rum	rummet	rum	rummene
genitive	rums	rummets	rums	rummenes

Etymology 2

From Old Norse rúmr, from Proto-Germanic *rūmaz (“roomy, spacious, open”), cognate with English room (archaic), German raum (archaic), Dutch ruim, Chong 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃. Related to the noun.

Adjective

rum (neuter rumt, plural and definite singular attributive rumme)

(archaic) wide, spacious
in the modern language only in the expressions i rum sø (“in open sea”) and rum tid (“long time”)

Inflection

Inflection of rum
	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Common singular	rum	rummere	rummest²
Neuter singular	rumt	rummere	rummest²
Plural	rumme	rummere	rummest²
Definite attributive¹	rumme	rummere	rummeste
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

rum

imperative of rumme

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from English rum.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /rʏm/
Audio (file)
Hyphenation: rum
Rhymes: -ʏm

Noun

rum m (uncountable)

rum (alcoholic beverage)

Derived terms

rumboon

Descendants

Negerhollands: roem, rum

Fiji Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from English room.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ruːm/

Noun

rum

room

References

Fiji Hindi Dictionary

German

Etymology

From dialectal German (e)rum, reduced form of herum and in some dialects darum.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʁʊm/
Audio (file)

Adverb

rum

(colloquial) Alternative form of herum (“around”)

Usage notes

While most or all instances of standard herum can be replaced with rum in the vernacular, compounds that are inherently colloquial will typically sound odd when herum is used in them. These will appear in writing with rum or not at all.

Derived terms

rumballern
rumeiern
rumsitzen
rumstehen

Gothic

Romanization

rum

Romanization of 𐍂𐌿𐌼

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Rum,[1] from English rum.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈrum]
Hyphenation: rum
Rhymes: -um

Noun

rum (plural rumok)

rum (a distilled spirit)

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	rum	rumok
accusative	rumot	rumokat
dative	rumnak	rumoknak
instrumental	rummal	rumokkal
causal-final	rumért	rumokért
translative	rummá	rumokká
terminative	rumig	rumokig
essive-formal	rumként	rumokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	rumban	rumokban
superessive	rumon	rumokon
adessive	rumnál	rumoknál
illative	rumba	rumokba
sublative	rumra	rumokra
allative	rumhoz	rumokhoz
elative	rumból	rumokból
delative	rumról	rumokról
ablative	rumtól	rumoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	rumé	rumoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	ruméi	rumokéi

Possessive forms of rum
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	rumom	rumjaim
2nd person sing.	rumod	rumjaid
3rd person sing.	rumja	rumjai
1st person plural	rumunk	rumjaink
2nd person plural	rumotok	rumjaitok
3rd person plural	rumjuk	rumjaik

Derived terms

rumos

Compound words

rumaroma
rumesszencia

References

rum in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

Irish

Etymology

Borrowed from English rum.

Noun

rum m (genitive singular rum, nominative plural rumanna)

rum

Declension

Declension of rum

Fourth declension

Bare forms

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	rum	rumanna
Vocative	a rum	a rumanna
Genitive	rum	rumanna
Dative	rum	rumanna

Forms with the definite article

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an rum	na rumanna
Genitive	an rum	na rumanna
Dative	leis an rum don rum	leis na rumanna

Italian

Alternative forms

rhum

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English rum.

Noun

rum m (invariable)

rum (distilled spirit)

Derived terms

rum fantasia

Kashubian

Noun

rum m

space

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Low German Ruum, from Middle Low German rûm, Old Saxon rūm, from Proto-West Germanic *rūm.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [rum]

Noun

rum m (diminutive rumk)

room, space

Declension

Declension of rum

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	rum	ruma	rumy
Genitive	ruma	rumowu	rumow
Dative	rumoju	rumoma	rumam
Accusative	rum	ruma	rumy
Instrumental	rumom	rumoma	rumami
Locative	rumje	rumoma	rumach

Derived terms

rumašk
rumejza
rumnosć
rumny
rumowaŕ
rumowaś
rumowy

Old English

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ruːm/

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *rūm. Cognate with Old Saxon rūm, Dutch ruim, Old High German rūm, Old Norse rúmr, Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃 (rums).

Adjective

rūm

spacious, roomy
long, extended (of time)
liberal, extensive, ample, abundant, bountiful, expansive, generous

Declension

Declension of rūm — Strong

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	rūm	rūm	rūm
Accusative	rūmne	rūme	rūm
Genitive	rūmes	rūmre	rūmes
Dative	rūmum	rūmre	rūmum
Instrumental	rūme	rūmre	rūme
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	rūme	rūma, rūme	rūm
Accusative	rūme	rūma, rūme	rūm
Genitive	rūmra	rūmra	rūmra
Dative	rūmum	rūmum	rūmum
Instrumental	rūmum	rūmum	rūmum

Declension of rūm — Weak

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	rūma	rūme	rūme
Accusative	rūman	rūman	rūme
Genitive	rūman	rūman	rūman
Dative	rūman	rūman	rūman
Instrumental	rūman	rūman	rūman
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	rūman	rūman	rūman
Accusative	rūman	rūman	rūman
Genitive	rūmra, rūmena	rūmra, rūmena	rūmra, rūmena
Dative	rūmum	rūmum	rūmum
Instrumental	rūmum	rūmum	rūmum

Etymology 2

From Proto-West Germanic *rūm.

Noun

rūm n or m

room, space
a space of time, an interval
opportunity

Declension

Neuter

Declension of rum (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	rūm	rūm
accusative	rūm	rūm
genitive	rūmes	rūma
dative	rūme	rūmum

Masculine

Declension of rum (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	rūm	rūmas
accusative	rūm	rūmas
genitive	rūmes	rūma
dative	rūme	rūmum

Derived terms

ġerūm

Descendants

Middle English: roum, roume
- English: room

Pennsylvania German

Etymology

Compare German herum.

Adverb

rum

around

Polish

rum

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /rum/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -um
Syllabification: rum

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English rum.

Noun

rum m inan

rum (distilled spirit)
rum (serving)

Derived terms

adjective

rumowy

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Middle High German rūm, roum, from Old High German rūm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą.

Noun

rum m inan

(archaic, geology) broken debris, rock crumbs

Declension

Declension of rum

	singular	plural
nominative	rum	rumy
genitive	rumu	rumów
dative	rumowi	rumom
accusative	rum	rumy
instrumental	rumem	rumami
locative	rumie	rumach
vocative	rumie	rumy

Portuguese

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈʁũ/ [ˈhũ]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈʁũ/ [ˈχũ]

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈʁũ/

Rhymes: -ũ
Hyphenation: rum

Noun

rum m (plural runs)

rum

Romanian

Noun

rum n (plural rumuri)

Alternative form of rom

Sumerian

Romanization

rum

Romanization of 𒀸 (rum)

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse rúm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą, from Proto-Indo-European *rowǝ-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /rɵm/
audio (file)

Noun

rum n

room; part of a building.
Jag vill ha en lägenhet med två rum
I want a flat with two rooms
room; empty, available space; enough space
Har du rum i din väska så att du kan lägga ner min bok också?
Do you have enough space in your bag so that you could put my book too in it?
(mathematics) space
Linjärt rum
Linear space

Declension

Declension of rum
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	rum	rummet	rum	rummen
Genitive	rums	rummets	rums	rummens

Derived terms

part of a building

badrum
bergrum
dagrum
dubbelrum
duschrum
egenrum
enkelrum
fikarum
finrum
förrum
förrådsrum
hotellrum
hörnrum
kapprum
klassrum
klubbrum
krigsrum
lekrum
matrum
miljörum
omklädningsrum
pannrum
provrum
rumsnyckel
rumsren
sammanträdesrum
skyddsrum
skötrum
soprum
sovrum
spelrum
stora rummet
tjänsterum
torkrum
tv-rum
vardagsrum
vindsrum
väntrum

available space

andrum
armbågsrum
husrum
hålrum
livsrum
luftrum
mellanrum
svängrum
tomrum
äga rum

mathematics

affint rum
Banachrum
euklidiskt rum
fasrum
funktionsrum
Hausdorffrum
Hilbertrum
kompakt rum
Minkowskirum
sammanhängande rum
vektorrum
åskådliga rummet

Related terms

få rum
ge rum

Anagrams

mur

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English room.

Noun

rum

room

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [zum˧˧]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [ʐum˧˧]
(Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [ɹʊm˧˧]

Noun

rum

safflower

[1] In that year, Connecticut ordered confiscation of "whatsoever Barbados liquors, commonly called rum, kill devil and the like". See Charles A. Coulombe, Rum (2005, →ISBN.

[2] Wayne Curtis, And a Bottle of Rum (2006, Random House, →ISBN, pages 34–35.

[3] “rum”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary

[4] “rum”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.

[5] Anthony Dias Blue, The Complete Book of Spirits : A Guide to Their History, Production, and Enjoyment (2004, HarperCollins, →ISBN

[6] "rum²" in Jiří Rejzek, Český etymologický slovník, electronic version, Leda, 2007

[7] "rum¹" in Jiří Rejzek, Český etymologický slovník, electronic version, Leda, 2007

[8] rum in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

rum

Translingual

Symbol

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Noun

Synonyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

Translations

Etymology 2

Adjective

Synonyms

Derived terms

Noun

Etymology 3

Noun

References

Anagrams

Chuukese

Etymology

Noun

Czech

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Declension

Etymology 2

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

References

Further reading

Danish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Inflection

Etymology 2

Adjective

Inflection

Etymology 3

Verb

Dutch

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Descendants

Fiji Hindi

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

References

German

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adverb

Usage notes

Derived terms

Gothic

Romanization

Hungarian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

References

Further reading

Irish

Etymology

Noun

Declension

Further reading

Italian

Alternative forms