ruina
See also: ruína, ruïna, ruiná, and ruină
Asturian
Adjective
ruina
- feminine singular of ruin
Czech
Etymology
From German Ruine.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈruɪna]
Noun
ruina f
- ruin
Declension
Declension of ruina
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ruina | ruiny |
| genitive | ruiny | ruin |
| dative | ruině | ruinám |
| accusative | ruinu | ruiny |
| vocative | ruino | ruiny |
| locative | ruině | ruinách |
| instrumental | ruinou | ruinami |
Related terms
- ruinovat
- zruinovat
Further reading
- ruina in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- ruina in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
French
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Verb
ruina
- third-person singular past historic of ruiner
Anagrams
- nuira
- unira
- urina
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ruˈi.na/
- Rhymes: -ina
- Hyphenation: ru‧ì‧na
Noun
ruina f (plural ruine)
- (archaic) Alternative form of rovina
Anagrams
- rauni, unirà, urani, urina
Latin
Etymology
From ruō (“I collapse”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ruˈiː.na/, [ruˈiːnä]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ruˈi.na/, [ruˈiːnä]
Noun
ruīna f (genitive ruīnae); first declension
- a falling down, collapse, ruin, destruction
- Synonyms: dēstrūctiō, lētum, excidium, excidiō, dēmōlītiō, vāstātiō, devāstātiō, perniciēs, pestis, perditiō, exitium
- ruins, debris
Declension
First-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ruīna | ruīnae |
| Genitive | ruīnae | ruīnārum |
| Dative | ruīnae | ruīnīs |
| Accusative | ruīnam | ruīnās |
| Ablative | ruīnā | ruīnīs |
| Vocative | ruīna | ruīnae |
Related terms
- corruō
- ruō
- ruīnō
Descendants
- → Albanian: rrënoj
- Asturian: ruina
- → Belarusian: руі́на (ruína)
- Catalan: ruïna
- Friulian: ruvine
- Galician: ruína, ruín
- → German: Ruine
- Italian: rovina
- Occitan: roïna
- → Old French: ruine
- → Middle English: ruyne, ruyen, ruine, ruynne, rewen, ruyn, ruene, ruen, rueyne
- English: ruin
- Scots: ruin
- Middle French: ruyne
- French: ruine
- → Middle English: ruyne, ruyen, ruine, ruynne, rewen, ruyn, ruene, ruen, rueyne
- Piedmontese: ruin-a
- Portuguese: ruína, ruim
- → Polish: ruina
- Romanian: ruină
- Romansch: ruina, ruegna, ruigna
- → Russian: руина (ruina) (learned)
- Sardinian: arruinu, orroghina, roghina
- Sicilian: ruina
- Spanish: ruina
- → Ukrainian: руї́на (rujína) (learned)
- Venetian: roina, rovina, ruina
References
- “ruina”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ruina”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ruina in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- the house threatens to fall in (vid. sect. X. 5, note 'Threaten'...): domus ruina impendet
- the house suddenly fell in ruins: domus subita ruina collapsa est
- a breach: iter ruina patefactum
- a breach: patentia ruinis (vid. XII. 1, note ruina...)
- the house threatens to fall in (vid. sect. X. 5, note 'Threaten'...): domus ruina impendet
Polish
ruiny
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin ruīna.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ruˈi.na/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ina
- Syllabification: ru‧i‧na
Noun
ruina f
- ruin (remains of destroyed construction)
- (colloquial) broken man, mess, train wreck (someone who is unbalanced and considered a mess; a disaster; one who is suffering personal ruin)
- Synonym: wrak
Declension
Declension of ruina
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ruina | ruiny |
| genitive | ruiny | ruin |
| dative | ruinie | ruinom |
| accusative | ruinę | ruiny |
| instrumental | ruiną | ruinami |
| locative | ruinie | ruinach |
| vocative | ruino | ruiny |
Derived terms
noun
- ruiny
verbs
- rujnować
- zrujnować
Further reading
- ruina in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- ruina in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Romanian
Etymology
Borrowed from French ruiner, from Latin ruinare.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ru.iˈna/
Audio (file)
Verb
a ruina (third-person singular present ruinează, past participle ruinat) 1st conj.
- to ruin
Conjugation
conjugation of ruina (first conjugation, -ez- infix)
| infinitive | a ruina | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | ruinând | ||||||
| past participle | ruinat | ||||||
| number | singular | plural | |||||
| person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
| indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
| present | ruinez | ruinezi | ruinează | ruinăm | ruinați | ruinează | |
| imperfect | ruinam | ruinai | ruina | ruinam | ruinați | ruinau | |
| simple perfect | ruinai | ruinași | ruină | ruinarăm | ruinarăți | ruinară | |
| pluperfect | ruinasem | ruinaseși | ruinase | ruinaserăm | ruinaserăți | ruinaseră | |
| subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
| present | să ruinez | să ruinezi | să ruineze | să ruinăm | să ruinați | să ruineze | |
| imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
| affirmative | ruinează | ruinați | |||||
| negative | nu ruina | nu ruinați | |||||
Derived terms
- ruinare
- ruinat
Related terms
- ruină
Further reading
- ruina in DEX online - Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈrwina/ [ˈrwi.na]
- Rhymes: -ina
- Syllabification: rui‧na
Etymology 1
From Latin ruina.
Noun
ruina f (plural ruinas)
- ruin, decay, wreck (also figurative)
- decline, downfall
- (in the plural) ruins
Derived terms
- arruinar
Related terms
- ruinoso
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
ruina
- inflection of ruinar:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
Further reading
- “ruina”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014