rougir
French
FWOTD – 1 December 2012
Etymology
From Old French rogir, from roge + -ir. Equivalent to Modern French rouge + -ir.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʁu.ʒiʁ/
audio (file)
Verb
rougir
- (intransitive) to redden
- (intransitive) to blush
- Synonym: piquer un fard
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of rougir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | rougir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | rougissant /ʁu.ʒi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | rougi /ʁu.ʒi/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | rougis /ʁu.ʒi/ | rougis /ʁu.ʒi/ | rougit /ʁu.ʒi/ | rougissons /ʁu.ʒi.sɔ̃/ | rougissez /ʁu.ʒi.se/ | rougissent /ʁu.ʒis/ |
| imperfect | rougissais /ʁu.ʒi.sɛ/ | rougissais /ʁu.ʒi.sɛ/ | rougissait /ʁu.ʒi.sɛ/ | rougissions /ʁu.ʒi.sjɔ̃/ | rougissiez /ʁu.ʒi.sje/ | rougissaient /ʁu.ʒi.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | rougis /ʁu.ʒi/ | rougis /ʁu.ʒi/ | rougit /ʁu.ʒi/ | rougîmes /ʁu.ʒim/ | rougîtes /ʁu.ʒit/ | rougirent /ʁu.ʒiʁ/ | |
| future | rougirai /ʁu.ʒi.ʁe/ | rougiras /ʁu.ʒi.ʁa/ | rougira /ʁu.ʒi.ʁa/ | rougirons /ʁu.ʒi.ʁɔ̃/ | rougirez /ʁu.ʒi.ʁe/ | rougiront /ʁu.ʒi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | rougirais /ʁu.ʒi.ʁɛ/ | rougirais /ʁu.ʒi.ʁɛ/ | rougirait /ʁu.ʒi.ʁɛ/ | rougirions /ʁu.ʒi.ʁjɔ̃/ | rougiriez /ʁu.ʒi.ʁje/ | rougiraient /ʁu.ʒi.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | rougisse /ʁu.ʒis/ | rougisses /ʁu.ʒis/ | rougisse /ʁu.ʒis/ | rougissions /ʁu.ʒi.sjɔ̃/ | rougissiez /ʁu.ʒi.sje/ | rougissent /ʁu.ʒis/ |
| imperfect2 | rougisse /ʁu.ʒis/ | rougisses /ʁu.ʒis/ | rougît /ʁu.ʒi/ | rougissions /ʁu.ʒi.sjɔ̃/ | rougissiez /ʁu.ʒi.sje/ | rougissent /ʁu.ʒis/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | rougis /ʁu.ʒi/ | — | rougissons /ʁu.ʒi.sɔ̃/ | rougissez /ʁu.ʒi.se/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “rougir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.