roten
Catalan
Verb
roten
- third-person plural present indicative form of rotar
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch roten.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈroː.tə(n)/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: ro‧ten
- Rhymes: -oːtən
Verb
roten
- (ergative, of flax, hemp, jute, etc.) to ret (to soak in water to prepare for further processing)
Inflection
Inflection of roten (weak) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | roten | |||
past singular | rootte | |||
past participle | geroot | |||
infinitive | roten | |||
gerund | roten n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | root | rootte | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | root | rootte | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | root | rootte | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | root | rootte | ||
3rd person singular | root | rootte | ||
plural | roten | rootten | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | rote | rootte | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | roten | rootten | ||
imperative sing. | root | |||
imperative plur.1 | root | |||
participles | rotend | geroot | ||
1) Archaic. |
German
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʁoːtn̩/, /ˈʁoːtən/
Audio (file)
Adjective
roten
- inflection of rot:
- strong genitive masculine/neuter singular
- weak/mixed genitive/dative all-gender singular
- strong/weak/mixed accusative masculine singular
- strong dative plural
- weak/mixed all-case plural
Japanese
Romanization
roten
- Rōmaji transcription of ろてん
Middle English
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old English rotian, from Proto-West Germanic *rotēn, from Proto-Germanic *rutāną.
Alternative forms
- roote, rooton, rootye, rot, rote, roti, rotie, rotte, rotten, roty, rotye, rotyn
- rotenn, rotien, rotiȝen (early)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈrɔtən/, /ˈrɔːtən/
Verb
roten (third-person singular simple present roteth, present participle rotynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle roted)
- To decompose; to make or become rotten or spoiled:
- To become toxic or noxious (of gas or liquid)
- To putrefy; to become or make infected or gangrenous (in the body).
- (rare) To become rusty; to develop a layer of rust.
- To morally degenerate or decay; to become sinful.
- To languish; to become weak or feeble due to imprisonment.
- To disappear; to lose presence, existence, or vitality.
- (of clothing) To become tattered, ragged, or old.
- (rare) To steep; to immerse in fluid.
Conjugation
infinitive | (to) roten, rote | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | rote | roted | |
2nd-person singular | rotest | rotedest | |
3rd-person singular | roteth | roted | |
subjunctive singular | rote | roted1 | |
imperative singular | — | ||
plural2 | roten, rote | roteden, rotede | |
imperative plural | roteth, rote | — | |
participles | rotynge, rotende | roted, roten |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Related terms
- rot
- rotennesse
- rotidnes
- rotnesse
- rotynge
- rotyngnesse
Descendants
- English: rot
- Scots: rot
- Yola: rothed, rothyed (adj)
References
- “rō̆ten, v.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-24.
Etymology 2
From rote (“root”) + -en (infinitival suffix).
Alternative forms
- rooten, rote, rotyn
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈroːtən/
Verb
roten (third-person singular simple present roteth, present participle rotynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle roted)
- To put out roots; to start growing..
- To settle or fix; to put in a permanent state.
- To begin or institute; to cause to settle or fix.
- To place a value or belief into one's mind.
- To link or connect; to make an attachment.
Conjugation
infinitive | (to) roten, rote | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | rote | roted | |
2nd-person singular | rotest | rotedest | |
3rd-person singular | roteth | roted | |
subjunctive singular | rote | ||
imperative singular | — | ||
plural1 | roten, rote | roteden, rotede | |
imperative plural | roteth, rote | — | |
participles | rotynge, rotende | roted, yroted |
1Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Descendants
- English: root
- Scots: ruit
References
- “rọ̄ten, v.(3).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-24.
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Old Norse rotinn (“rotten”).
Alternative forms
- roote, rooten, rote, roton, rottyn, rotun, rotyn
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈrɔtən/, /ˈrɔːtən/, /ˈrɔːt(ə)/
Adjective
roten
- Rotten or spoiled (usually of animal or plant matter):
- (rare) Toxic, noxious (of gas or liquid)
- (rare) Collapsing or decomposing into pieces; falling apart.
- Gangrenous, infected (having necrosis or putrefaction)
- a. 1382, John Wycliffe, “Psalms 37:4-6”, in Wycliffe's Bible:
- Noon helthe is in my fleiſch fro the face of thin ire; no pees is to my boonys fro the face of my ſynnes. / For my wickidneſſis ben goon ouer myn heed; as an heuy birthun, tho ben maad heuy on me. / Myn heelid woundis weren rotun, and ben brokun; fro the face of myn vnwiſdom.
- No health is in my body due to the nature of your anger; no rest is in my bones due to my sinful behaviour. / For my wickedness has utterly enveloped me, like a heavy load that has weighed on me. / My healed wounds were festering, and have burst from the nature of my mistakes.
-
- Evil, sinful; morally retrograde.
- (rare) Elderly, aged (of people)
- (rare) Devastated; damaged beyond repair.
Descendants
- English: rotten
- Scots: rotten
References
- “rō̆ten, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-24.
- “rōte, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-24.
Etymology 4
From rote (“root”) + -en (plural ending).
Noun
roten
- plural of rote (“root”)
Norwegian Bokmål
Alternative forms
- rota
Noun
roten m or f
- definite masculine singular of rot
Spanish
Verb
roten
- inflection of rotar:
- third-person plural present subjunctive
- third-person plural imperative
Swedish
Noun
roten
- definite singular of rot.
Anagrams
- noter, orent, orten, toner
Zazaki
Verb
roten
- to sell
- to shape sth. by cutting it; to chisel; to hew; to whittle