roncar
See also: ronçar
Catalan
Etymology
From Old Catalan roncar, from Latin rhonchāre, a verb based on rhonchus, borrowed from Ancient Greek ῥόγχος (rhónkhos, “snoring”).
Pronunciation
- (Balearic) IPA(key): /roŋˈka/
- (Central) IPA(key): /ruŋˈka/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /roŋˈkaɾ/
Verb
roncar (first-person singular present ronco, past participle roncat)
- to snore
- to purr
Conjugation
Conjugation of roncar (first conjugation)
| infinitive | roncar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | roncant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | roncat | roncada | |||||
| plural | roncats | roncades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | ronco | ronques | ronca | ronquem | ronqueu | ronquen | |
| imperfect | roncava | roncaves | roncava | roncàvem | roncàveu | roncaven | |
| future | roncaré | roncaràs | roncarà | roncarem | roncareu | roncaran | |
| preterite | ronquí | roncares | roncà | roncàrem | roncàreu | roncaren | |
| conditional | roncaria | roncaries | roncaria | roncaríem | roncaríeu | roncarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | ronqui | ronquis | ronqui | ronquem | ronqueu | ronquin | |
| imperfect | ronqués | ronquessis | ronqués | ronquéssim | ronquéssiu | ronquessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | ronca | ronqui | ronquem | ronqueu | ronquin | ||
Synonyms
- (purr): ronronejar
Derived terms
- ronc
- roncadissa
- roncador
- roncor
References
- “roncar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “roncar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese, from Latin rhonchāre, from rhonchus, from Ancient Greek ῥόγχος (rhónkhos, “snoring”).
Verb
roncar (first-person singular present ronco, first-person singular preterite ronquei, past participle roncado)
- to snore
- to roar
- Synonym: bruar
- to grunt
- Synonyms: gruñir, roñar
- first/third-person singular future subjunctive of roncar
- first/third-person singular personal infinitive of roncar
Conjugation
- Note: ronc- are changed to ronqu- before front vowels (e).
Conjugation of roncar
| singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| Infinitive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| impersonal | roncar | |||||
| personal | roncar | roncares | roncar | roncarmos | roncardes | roncaren |
| Gerund | ||||||
| roncando | ||||||
| Past participle | singular | plural | ||||
| masculine | roncado | roncados | ||||
| feminine | roncada | roncadas | ||||
| Indicative | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | ronco | roncas | ronca | roncamos | roncades | roncan |
| imperfect | roncaba | roncabas | roncaba | roncabamos | roncabades | roncaban |
| preterite | ronquei | roncaches | roncou | roncamos | roncastes | roncaron |
| pluperfect | roncara | roncaras | roncara | roncaramos | roncarades | roncaran |
| future | roncarei | roncarás | roncará | roncaremos | roncaredes | roncarán |
| conditional | roncaría | roncarías | roncaría | roncariamos | roncariades | roncarían |
| Subjunctive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | ronque | ronques | ronque | ronquemos | ronquedes | ronquen |
| preterite | roncase | roncases | roncase | roncásemos | roncásedes | roncasen |
| future | roncar | roncares | roncar | roncarmos | roncardes | roncaren |
| Imperative | – | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| affirmative | – | ronca | ronque | ronquemos | roncade | ronquen |
| negative | – | ronques | ronque | ronquemos | ronquedes | ronquen |
Derived terms
- ronco
- roncón
References
- “rronco” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “rronco” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “roncar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “roncar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “roncar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Occitan
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Verb
roncar (Languedoc, Limousin)
- to snore
- Synonym: ronflar
Further reading
- Yves Lavalade, Dictionnaire d'usage occitan/français - Limousin, Marche, Périgord, Institut d'Estudis Occitans dau Lemosin, 2010, →ISBN; page 500
- Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2016, page 572.
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Portuguese roncar, from Latin rhonchāre, from rhonchus, from Ancient Greek ῥόγχος (rhónkhos, “snoring”), of imitative origin.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁõˈka(ʁ)/ [hõˈka(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ʁõˈka(ɾ)/ [hõˈka(ɾ)]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ʁõˈka(ʁ)/ [χõˈka(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁõˈka(ɻ)/ [hõˈka(ɻ)]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ʁõˈkaɾ/
- Hyphenation: ron‧car
Verb
roncar (first-person singular present ronco, first-person singular preterite ronquei, past participle roncado)
- to snore (to breathe during sleep with harsh noises)
- Synonym: ressonar
- to make harsh noises (such as the sound of a car’s engine)
- to rumble (to make a low pitched noise)
Conjugation
Conjugation of roncar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | roncar | |||||
| Personal | roncar | roncares | roncar | roncarmos | roncardes | roncarem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| roncando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | roncado | roncados | ||||
| Feminine | roncada | roncadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | ronco | roncas | ronca | roncamos | roncais | roncam |
| Imperfect | roncava | roncavas | roncava | roncávamos | roncáveis | roncavam |
| Preterite | ronquei | roncaste | roncou | roncamos1, roncámos2 | roncastes | roncaram |
| Pluperfect | roncara | roncaras | roncara | roncáramos | roncáreis | roncaram |
| Future | roncarei | roncarás | roncará | roncaremos | roncareis | roncarão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| roncaria | roncarias | roncaria | roncaríamos | roncaríeis | roncariam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | ronque | ronques | ronque | ronquemos | ronqueis | ronquem |
| Imperfect | roncasse | roncasses | roncasse | roncássemos | roncásseis | roncassem |
| Future | roncar | roncares | roncar | roncarmos | roncardes | roncarem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | ronca | ronque | ronquemos | roncai | ronquem | |
| Negative (não) | não ronques | não ronque | não ronquemos | não ronqueis | não ronquem | |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Related terms
- ronca
- roncada
- roncador
- roncadouro
- roncadura
- roncante
- roncão
- roncaria
- ronco
Spanish
Etymology
From Old Spanish roncar, inherited from Latin rhonchāre, a verb based on rhonchus, borrowed from Ancient Greek ῥόγχος (rhónkhos, “snoring”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ronˈkaɾ/ [rõŋˈkaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: ron‧car
Verb
roncar (first-person singular present ronco, first-person singular preterite ronqué, past participle roncado)
- to snore
Conjugation
Conjugation of roncar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | roncar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | roncando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | roncado | roncada | |||||
| plural | roncados | roncadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | ronco | roncastú roncásvos | ronca | roncamos | roncáis | roncan | |
| imperfect | roncaba | roncabas | roncaba | roncábamos | roncabais | roncaban | |
| preterite | ronqué | roncaste | roncó | roncamos | roncasteis | roncaron | |
| future | roncaré | roncarás | roncará | roncaremos | roncaréis | roncarán | |
| conditional | roncaría | roncarías | roncaría | roncaríamos | roncaríais | roncarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | ronque | ronquestú ronquésvos2 | ronque | ronquemos | ronquéis | ronquen | |
| imperfect (ra) | roncara | roncaras | roncara | roncáramos | roncarais | roncaran | |
| imperfect (se) | roncase | roncases | roncase | roncásemos | roncaseis | roncasen | |
| future1 | roncare | roncares | roncare | roncáremos | roncareis | roncaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | roncatú roncávos | ronque | ronquemos | roncad | ronquen | ||
| negative | no ronques | no ronque | no ronquemos | no ronquéis | no ronquen | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Related terms
- ronca
- roncador
- roncamente
- ronco
- ronquido
- ronquío
Further reading
- “roncar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014