romper
English
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -ɒmpə(ɹ)
Etymology 1
romp + -er
Noun
romper (plural rompers)
- Someone who romps or frolics.
- (nautical) A ship that has moved far ahead of a convoy; see also straggler.
Etymology 2
Ellipsis of romper suit.
Noun
romper (plural rompers)
- A onesie.
- 2021 May 4, Ruth La Ferla, “On That Bombshell Billie Eilish Cover for British Vogue”, in The New York Times, ISSN 0362-4331:
- Prompted to pose on her bed, [Tavi Gevinson] dressed in a skimpy romper, “pouting,” she recalled, “with heavily lined eyes and straightened blonde hair.”
-
Etymology 3
From Romper Room, name of a children's television series. See romp.
Verb
romper (third-person singular simple present rompers, present participle rompering, simple past and past participle rompered)
- (Ireland, historical, transitive) To abduct (a victim) to a room where they are tortured and murdered.
- 2003, Martin Dillon, The Trigger Men: Assassins and Terror Bosses in the Ireland Conflict.
- James McCartan was about to be ‘rompered’, but not before those present poured themselves drinks.
- 2003, Martin Dillon, The Trigger Men: Assassins and Terror Bosses in the Ireland Conflict.
Dutch
Etymology
Borrowed from English romper, from English romper suit. In folk etymology, the word is linked with Dutch romp (“torso”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈrɔm.pər/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: rom‧per
- Rhymes: -ɔmpər
Noun
romper m (plural rompers, diminutive rompertje n)
- a one-piece garment for an infant or small child; a onesie or romper
- an adult loungewear jumpsuit; a onesie or romper
Usage notes
For the baby version, the dimunitive rompertje is often used.
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese romper (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin rumpere, present active infinitive of rumpō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [romˈpeɾ]
Verb
romper (first-person singular present rompo, first-person singular preterite rompín, past participle rompido)
- (transitive, intransitive) to break
- Synonyms: britar, crebar
- (intransitive, of the day) to dawn
- Synonym: abrir
Conjugation
Conjugation of romper
| singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| Infinitive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| impersonal | romper | |||||
| personal | romper | romperes | romper | rompermos | romperdes | romperen |
| Gerund | ||||||
| rompendo | ||||||
| Past participle | singular | plural | ||||
| masculine | rompido | rompidos | ||||
| feminine | rompida | rompidas | ||||
| Indicative | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | rompo | rompes | rompe | rompemos | rompedes | rompen |
| imperfect | rompía | rompías | rompía | rompiamos | rompiades | rompían |
| preterite | rompín | rompiches | rompeu | rompemos | rompestes | romperon |
| pluperfect | rompera | romperas | rompera | romperamos | romperades | romperan |
| future | romperei | romperás | romperá | romperemos | romperedes | romperán |
| conditional | rompería | romperías | rompería | romperiamos | romperiades | romperían |
| Subjunctive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | rompa | rompas | rompa | rompamos | rompades | rompan |
| preterite | rompese | rompeses | rompese | rompésemos | rompésedes | rompesen |
| future | romper | romperes | romper | rompermos | romperdes | romperen |
| Imperative | – | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| affirmative | – | rompe | rompa | rompamos | rompede | rompan |
| negative | – | rompas | rompa | rompamos | rompades | rompan |
References
- “romper” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “romper” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “romper” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “romper” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “romper” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Ladin
Alternative forms
- rompe
Etymology
From Latin rumpere, present active infinitive of rumpō.
Verb
romper
- to break
Conjugation
- Ladin conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of romper (third conjugation, irregular past participle)
| infinitive | romper, rompe | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| auxiliary verb | avei | gerund | rompan | |||
| past participle | rot | |||||
| person | singular | plural | ||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| indicative | ie | tu | el / ela | nos | vos | ei / eles |
| present | rompe | rompes | romp | rompon | rompeis | romp |
| imperfect | rompove | rompoves | rompova | rompovan | rompovais | rompova |
| future | romparé | romparas | romparà | romparon | rompareis | romparà |
| subjunctive | che ie | che tu | che el / ela | che nos | che vos | che ei / eles |
| present | rompe | rompes | rompe | rompon | rompeis | rompe |
| imperfect | rompesse | rompesses | rompessa | rompessan | rompessais | rompessa |
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – |
| — | romp | — | rompon | rompede | — | |
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Portuguese romper, from Latin rumpere, from Proto-Italic *rumpō, from Proto-Indo-European *Hrunépti ~ *Hrumpénti (“to break”), from the root *Hrewp-.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁõˈpe(ʁ)/ [hõˈpe(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ʁõˈpe(ɾ)/ [hõˈpe(ɾ)]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ʁõˈpe(ʁ)/ [χõˈpe(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁõˈpe(ɻ)/ [hõˈpe(ɻ)]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ʁõˈpeɾ/
- Hyphenation: rom‧per
Verb
romper (first-person singular present rompo, first-person singular preterite rompi, past participle rompido, short past participle (Brazil only) roto)
- to break
Conjugation
Conjugation of romper (irregular short past participle) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | romper | |||||
| Personal | romper | romperes | romper | rompermos | romperdes | romperem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| rompendo | ||||||
| Short past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | roto1,2 | rotos1,2 | ||||
| Feminine | rota1,2 | rotas1,2 | ||||
| Long past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | rompido3 | rompidos3 | ||||
| Feminine | rompida3 | rompidas3 | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | rompo | rompes | rompe | rompemos | rompeis | rompem |
| Imperfect | rompia | rompias | rompia | rompíamos | rompíeis | rompiam |
| Preterite | rompi | rompeste | rompeu | rompemos | rompestes | romperam |
| Pluperfect | rompera | romperas | rompera | rompêramos | rompêreis | romperam |
| Future | romperei | romperás | romperá | romperemos | rompereis | romperão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| romperia | romperias | romperia | romperíamos | romperíeis | romperiam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | rompa | rompas | rompa | rompamos | rompais | rompam |
| Imperfect | rompesse | rompesses | rompesse | rompêssemos | rompêsseis | rompessem |
| Future | romper | romperes | romper | rompermos | romperdes | romperem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | rompe | rompa | rompamos | rompei | rompam | |
| Negative (não) | não rompas | não rompa | não rompamos | não rompais | não rompam | |
1Brazil only.
2Usually used with auxiliary verbs ser and estar.
3Usually used with auxiliary verbs haver and ter.
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:romper.
Related terms
- corromper
- roçar
- roto
- rotura
Spanish
Etymology
From Old Spanish romper, from Latin rumpere, rumpō, from Proto-Italic *rumpō, from Proto-Indo-European *Hrunépti ~ *Hrumpénti (“to break”), from the root *Hrewp-. Cognate with French rompre, Italian rompere.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /romˈpeɾ/ [rõmˈpeɾ]
- Rhymes: -eɾ
- Syllabification: rom‧per
Verb
romper (first-person singular present rompo, first-person singular preterite rompí, past participle roto)
- to break
- Synonyms: despedazar, destrozar, destruir, derribar, derrumbar, arruinar, quebrar
- romper el hechizo ― break the spell
- se me ha roto el móvil ― my mobile phone broke
- Rómpase la cabeza con ilusiones ópticas.
- Rack your brain with optical illusions.
- to break up, terminate (a relationship, friendship etc.)
- Mariana rompió con ella.
- Mariana broke up with her.
- Mariana y Catalina rompieron.
- Mariana and Catalina broke up.
- (with a) to begin to do something
- Synonyms: comenzar, empezar
- romper a conducir ― to start driving
Conjugation
Conjugation of romper (irregular) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | romper | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | rompiendo | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | roto | rota | |||||
| plural | rotos | rotas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | rompo | rompestú rompésvos | rompe | rompemos | rompéis | rompen | |
| imperfect | rompía | rompías | rompía | rompíamos | rompíais | rompían | |
| preterite | rompí | rompiste | rompió | rompimos | rompisteis | rompieron | |
| future | romperé | romperás | romperá | romperemos | romperéis | romperán | |
| conditional | rompería | romperías | rompería | romperíamos | romperíais | romperían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | rompa | rompastú rompásvos2 | rompa | rompamos | rompáis | rompan | |
| imperfect (ra) | rompiera | rompieras | rompiera | rompiéramos | rompierais | rompieran | |
| imperfect (se) | rompiese | rompieses | rompiese | rompiésemos | rompieseis | rompiesen | |
| future1 | rompiere | rompieres | rompiere | rompiéremos | rompiereis | rompieren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | rompetú rompévos | rompa | rompamos | romped | rompan | ||
| negative | no rompas | no rompa | no rompamos | no rompáis | no rompan | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of romper (irregular)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive romper | |||||||
| dative | romperme | romperte | romperle, romperse | rompernos | romperos | romperles, romperse | |
| accusative | romperme | romperte | romperlo, romperla, romperse | rompernos | romperos | romperlos, romperlas, romperse | |
| with gerund rompiendo | |||||||
| dative | rompiéndome | rompiéndote | rompiéndole, rompiéndose | rompiéndonos | rompiéndoos | rompiéndoles, rompiéndose | |
| accusative | rompiéndome | rompiéndote | rompiéndolo, rompiéndola, rompiéndose | rompiéndonos | rompiéndoos | rompiéndolos, rompiéndolas, rompiéndose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative rompe | |||||||
| dative | rómpeme | rómpete | rómpele | rómpenos | not used | rómpeles | |
| accusative | rómpeme | rómpete | rómpelo, rómpela | rómpenos | not used | rómpelos, rómpelas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative rompé | |||||||
| dative | rompeme | rompete | rompele | rompenos | not used | rompeles | |
| accusative | rompeme | rompete | rompelo, rompela | rompenos | not used | rompelos, rompelas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative rompa | |||||||
| dative | rómpame | not used | rómpale, rómpase | rómpanos | not used | rómpales | |
| accusative | rómpame | not used | rómpalo, rómpala, rómpase | rómpanos | not used | rómpalos, rómpalas | |
| with first-person plural imperative rompamos | |||||||
| dative | not used | rompámoste | rompámosle | rompámonos | rompámoos | rompámosles | |
| accusative | not used | rompámoste | rompámoslo, rompámosla | rompámonos | rompámoos | rompámoslos, rompámoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative romped | |||||||
| dative | rompedme | not used | rompedle | rompednos | rompeos | rompedles | |
| accusative | rompedme | not used | rompedlo, rompedla | rompednos | rompeos | rompedlos, rompedlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative rompan | |||||||
| dative | rómpanme | not used | rómpanle | rómpannos | not used | rómpanles, rómpanse | |
| accusative | rómpanme | not used | rómpanlo, rómpanla | rómpannos | not used | rómpanlos, rómpanlas, rómpanse | |
Derived terms
- rompecabezas
- rompecabezas m
- rompecorazones
- rompedero
- rompedor, rompedora
- rompehielos
- rompehuelgas
- rompemuelles
- rompeolas m
- romper a llorar
- romper el hielo
- romper filas
- romper la baraja
- romperredes
- romperse la cabeza
- romperse los cuernos
- romper una lanza
- rompe saragüey
- rompible
- rompimiento
- tanto va el cántaro a la fuente que al final se rompe
Related terms
- corromper
- roto
- rotura
- rozar
- ruptura
- ruta
Descendants
- → Belizean Creole: rompeh raaheh
Further reading
- “romper”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014