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单词 Romania
释义

Romania

See also: romania, Románia, România, Romãnia, Romānia, and Romanía

English

Romania (in dark green) within Europe.

Pronunciation

  • (UK) IPA(key): /ɹəʊˈmeɪ.ni.ə/
  • (US) IPA(key): /ɹoʊˈmeɪ.ni.ə/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -eɪniə

Etymology 1

From Romanian român (“Romanian”) (in turn from Latin romanus (“Roman”)) + -ia. Doublet of Romagna.

Alternative forms

  • România (rare)
  • Rumania, Roumania (archaic)

Proper noun

Romania

  1. A country in South-Eastern Europe, bordered by Hungary, Serbia, Bulgaria, Moldova and Ukraine.
Derived terms
  • Romanian
Translations

See also

  • (countries of Europe) country of Europe; Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Vatican City
  • Appendix:Countries of the world

Etymology 2

From Latin Rōmānia, from Byzantine Greek Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía), itself from Latin rōmānus.

Alternative forms

  • Rhomania

Proper noun

Romania

  1. (academic, historical, linguistics) The Latin or Romance-speaking areas of Europe, collectively.
  2. (historical) The Byzantine Empire or its former territories.
    • 1973, Arnold Joseph Toynbee, Constantine Porphyrogenitus and his world, page 682:
      There is a significant coincidence of dates between several events: the splitting of the Paulician community in Rhomania in consequence of Séryios’s innovations; the breach between Séryios’s partisans and the East Roman Imperial Government, […]
    • 1988, Donald M. Nicol, Byzantium and Venice: A Study in Diplomatic and Cultural Relations, page 208:
      The Doge of Venice was honored with his full title of dominator of one-quarter and one-eighth of the whole Empire of Romania; and he was promised repossession of all the rights and properties that his people had held in Constantinople in the years of the Latin occupation.
    • 1989, Ferenc Makk, The Árpáds and the Comneni: political relations between Hungary and Byzantium in the 12th century, page 110:
      In this letter the basileus informed the Pope that Béla III had attacked Serbia, since he was not content with his own country, “which he acquired with difficulties and with the help of the armies and the money of Rhomania [i.e. Byzantium]”.
    • 1989, David Jacoby, “From Byzantium to Latin Romania: Continuity and Change” in Latins and Greeks in the Eastern Mediterranean After 1204, page 1:
      The Fourth Crusade ended in 1204 with the Western or Latin conquest of Constantinople and signalled the beginning of a new era in the history of the Byzantine lands or Romania.
    • 1999, Rustam Shukurov, “Turkoman and Byzantine Self-Identity: Some reflections on the Logic of the Title-Making in Twelfth- and Thirteenth-Century Anatolia” in Eastern Approaches to Byzantium: Papers from the Thirty-Third Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies:
      If the Constantinopolitan Byzantines regarded the Anatolian Turkic territories as lands temporarily lost from their indivisible universal Rhomania, the Turkoman rulers of the twelfth century considered Rhomania as being factually divided between several rulers.
    • 2001, David Jacoby, “Changing Economic Patterns in Latin Romania: The Impact of the West” in The Crusades from the Perspective of Byzantium and the Muslim World, page 197:
      The dramatic fall of Constantinople in 1204 and the Latin conquest of the Empire’s provinces in the following decade resulted in the dismemberment of Romania.
    • 2013, Aeneas Silvius Piccolomini (Pope Pius II), trans. Robert Brown, Europe (c.1400-1458), page 69:
      Next to them, the maritime region extending south to the Hellespont is Romania—a Greek nation, though it was once barbarian, and it is returning to barbarism in our own time, now that the empire of the Greeks has been destroyed and the Turks hold sway. The capital city of this country [Thrace] is Byzantium, formerly called Agios.

Proper noun

Romania

  1. Obsolete form of Romagna.
    • 1629 [1619], Paolo Sarpi, Nathaniel Brent, transl., The Historie of the Councel of Trent […]‎, London: Bonham Norton and John Bill, OCLC 230679140, book 1, paragraph 97, page 43:
      In the end of Ianuarie, Borbon passed the Po with all his troupes, and directed his iourney towards Romania: […]

Catalan

Pronunciation

  • (Balearic) IPA(key): /ro.məˈni.ə/
  • (Central) IPA(key): /ru.məˈni.ə/
  • (Valencian) IPA(key): /ro.maˈni.a/
  • Audio (Valencian)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ia

Proper noun

Romania f

  1. Romania

Derived terms

  • romanès

Finnish

Etymology

From Romanian România.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈromɑniɑ/, [ˈro̞mɑˌniɑ]
  • Rhymes: -iɑ
  • Syllabification(key): Ro‧ma‧ni‧a

Proper noun

Romania

  1. Romania

Declension

Inflection of Romania (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)
nominativeRomania—
genitiveRomanian—
partitiveRomaniaa—
illativeRomaniaan—
singularplural
nominativeRomania—
accusativenom.Romania—
gen.Romanian
genitiveRomanian—
partitiveRomaniaa—
inessiveRomaniassa—
elativeRomaniasta—
illativeRomaniaan—
adessiveRomanialla—
ablativeRomanialta—
allativeRomanialle—
essiveRomaniana—
translativeRomaniaksi—
instructive——
abessiveRomaniatta—
comitative——
Possessive forms of Romania (type kulkija)
possessorsingularplural
1st personRomanianiRomaniamme
2nd personRomaniasiRomanianne
3rd personRomaniansa

Derived terms

  • romania
  • romanialainen

Anagrams

  • romaani

French

Etymology

From Ancient Greek Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʁɔ.ma.nja/

Proper noun

Romania f

  1. (academic, historical, linguistics) the Romance speaking areas of Europe

See also

  • Roumanie (nation)

Italian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ro.maˈni.a/
  • Rhymes: -ia
  • Hyphenation: Ro‧ma‧nì‧a

Proper noun

Romania f

  1. Romania

Derived terms

  • romeno
  • rumeno

Anagrams

  • Armonia, Mariano, armonia, mariano, riamano

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek Ῥωμᾱνῐ́ᾱ (Rhōmāníā).

Pronunciation

  • (Classical) IPA(key): /roːˈmaː.ni.a/, [roːˈmäːniä]
  • (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /roˈma.ni.a/, [roˈmäːniä]

Proper noun

Rōmānia f sg (genitive Rōmāniae); first declension

  1. (New Latin) Romania
  2. (historical, Late Latin) Roman Empire
    • lived ca. 385 CE - ca. 420 CE, Orosius, Historiae adversum paganos 7.43.5:
      Nam ego quoque ipse virum quemdam Narbonensem ... audivi, se familiarissimum Ataulpho apud Narbonam fuisse: ac de eo ... didicisse, quod ... referre solitus esset, se in primis ardenter inhiasse: ut, obliterato Romano nomine, Romanum omne sŏlum, Gothorum imperium et faceret et vocaret: essetque, ut vulgariter loquar, Gothia, quod Romania fuisset; fieretque nunc Ataulphus quod quondam Caesar Augustus.
      I, too, once heard a man from Narbonne who claimed to be very familiar with Athaulf and who had learned that Athaulf would often say that, more than anything else, he desired this: after eliminating the name of Rome, he would make the entire Roman land subject to Gothic power and call it so, calling (if I may speak vulgarly) what was previously Romania as "Gothia". And so Athaulfus would become what Caesar Augustus once was [i.e. the first emperor of a new empire].
  3. (historical, Medieval Latin) Byzantine Empire

Declension

First-declension noun, singular only.

CaseSingular
NominativeRōmānia
GenitiveRōmāniae
DativeRōmāniae
AccusativeRōmāniam
AblativeRōmāniā
VocativeRōmānia

Descendants

  • Proto-Brythonic: *rrʉβ̃ėn (from a Vulgar Latin variant Rōmănia with a short a in the second syllable)
    • Middle Welsh: Ruuein
      • Welsh: Rhufain

Norwegian Bokmål

Proper noun

Romania

  1. Romania
  • rumener
  • rumensk

Norwegian Nynorsk

Proper noun

Romania

  1. Romania
  • rumen
  • rumenar
  • rumensk

Sardinian

Proper noun

Romania ?

  1. Romania (a country in Europe)

Yoruba

Etymology

Ròmáníà

Borrowed from English Romania.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɾò.má.ní.à/

Proper noun

Ròmáníà

  1. Romania (a country in Europe)
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