roka
See also: róka, rokā, rōka, röka, and rǫkă
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈroka]
Noun
roka
- genitive singular of rok
Fijian
Noun
roka
- color
Japanese
Romanization
roka
- Rōmaji transcription of ろか
Latvian
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Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *wrenk-, *wronk-, derived from the zero grade of the root *wer- (“to turn, to bend”). The original meaning was therefore “bent, bending (organ, limb)”.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɾùoka]
Noun
roka f (4th declension)
- (anatomy) hand, arm (each of the upper limbs of the human body, from shoulder to palm)
- kreisā, labā roka ― left, right hand, arm
- spēcīgas, muskuļainas rokas ― strong, muscular arms
- veiklas rokas ― agile, skillful hands
- aiz, pie rokas ― (taking someone) by the hand
- uz rokām ― (holding, lifting something) in the arms
- zem rokas ― (holding something) under (one's) arm
- roku rokā ― hand in hand
- māt, mest ar roku ― to wave one's hand(s)
- sniegt, dot roku ― to give, to offer (one's) hand (for a handshake)
- piedāvāt roku ― to offer (one's) hand, arm (for support)
- spiest, paspiest, saspiest roku ― to shake hand(s)
- rokas spiediens ― handshake
- vilkt cimdus rokā ― to put gloves on one's hand(s)
- paņemt rokā grāmatu ― to take the book in one's hand(s)
- maciņš izkrīt no rokas ― the little wallet fell out of (his) hand(s)
- māte mēdz iespiest rokas sānos ― mother used to press her arms against her side
- lai gan nav auksti, tomēr Juris mauc rokā pirkstainus cimdus ― though it is not cold, Juris puts on his hand(s) the fingered gloves (i.e., not mittens, but gloves with actual places for each of the five fingers)
- (in the genitive, used adjectivally) hand ..., manual (to be used with one's hands, arms; to be done, carried out with one's hands, arms)
- rokas bremze ― hand brake
- rokas svari ― hand-held weights
- rokas sūknis ― hand pump
- rokas zāģis, rokzāģis ― hand saw
- rokas granāta ― hand grenade
- rokas bagaža ― hand luggage
- rokas pulkstenis ― wrist (lit. hand) watch
- roku dzelži ― handcuffs
- roku dvielis ― hand towel
- rokas sprādze, rokassprādze ― bracelets (hand buckle)
- rokas soma, rokassoma ― handbag
- roku darbs ― manual labor; handmade item (lit. hand work)
- rokas veidošana ― manual fabrication (= built manually)
- ar automātiskajām centrālēm aizstātas rokas apkalpes telefona centrāles ― with automatic (phone) exchanges manual service was replaced in telephone (= call) centers
- (colloquial) sleeve (part of a garment that covers one's arms)
- kleita ar garām rokām ― a dress with long arms (= sleeves)
- atrotīt krekla rokas ― to roll up the shirt's arms (= sleeves)
- (technology) arm (a long, mobile mechanical device or part of a mechanical device; a handle)
- mehāniskā roka ― mechanical arm, hand
- robota roka satver apaļu metāla sagatavi un paliek to zem spiednes ― the robot hand griped the circular metal object and placed it under the press
- turamās rokas arklam ar skaista līkumā izliektiem apaļiem galiem koši zilas ― the bright blue plow hands (= handles) with round ends bent in a beautifully arch
Usage notes
Latvian roka, like Russian рука (ruka), refers both to a person's entire arm and more specifically to a person's hand; context usually clarifies which interpretation is best. It is the most frequent term in both senses. The word delms “upper limb; arm between shoulder and hand” is rare and academic, and plauksta, though sometimes translatable as “hand,” refers more specifically to the palm of the hand.
Declension
Declension of roka (4th declension)
| singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (nominatīvs) | roka | rokas |
| accusative (akuzatīvs) | roku | rokas |
| genitive (ģenitīvs) | rokas | roku |
| dative (datīvs) | rokai | rokām |
| instrumental (instrumentālis) | roku | rokām |
| locative (lokatīvs) | rokā | rokās |
| vocative (vokatīvs) | roka | rokas |
Synonyms
- (of "sleeve"): piedurkne
- (of "handle"): rokturis
Derived terms
- rokassoma, rokas soma
- rokraksts
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “roka”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Northern Sotho
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-tʊ́nga.
Verb
roka
- to stitch
- to sew
Serbo-Croatian
Noun
roka f (Cyrillic spelling рока)
- (Kajkavian) hand, arm
- 1936, Miroslav Krleža, Balade Petrice Kerempuha
- Z rokami v črevu znuternje mertvečke,
- v kervavem drobu, z rokavi zaferknjeni,
- 1936, Miroslav Krleža, Balade Petrice Kerempuha
Synonyms
- ruka
Slovene
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /rɔ̀ːka/
- Hyphenation: ro‧ka
Noun
róka f
- (anatomy) hand
Inflection
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
| Feminine, a-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nom. sing. | rôka | ||
| gen. sing. | rôke | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative (imenovȃlnik) | rôka | rôki | rôke |
| genitive (rodȋlnik) | rôke | rôk | rôk |
| dative (dajȃlnik) | rôki | rôkama | rôkam |
| accusative (tožȋlnik) | rôko | rôki | rôke |
| locative (mẹ̑stnik) | rôki | rôkah | rôkah |
| instrumental (orọ̑dnik) | rôko | rôkama | rôkami |
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Related terms
- rôčen
Sotho
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-tʊ́nga.
Verb
roka
- to sew
Ternate
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɾo.ka]
Verb
roka
- (transitive) to pass by, pass over
Conjugation
| Conjugation of roka | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |||
| Inclusive | Exclusive | |||
| 1st | toroka | foroka | miroka | |
| 2nd | noroka | niroka | ||
| 3rd | Masculine | oroka | iroka, yoroka† | |
| Feminine | moroka | |||
| Neuter | iroka | |||
| † - archaic | ||||
References
- Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish روقه (roka), from Greek ρόκα (róka). Whereas اروقه (aruka) is from Italian eruca. All from Latin ērūca (“rocket”).
Noun
roka (definite accusative rokayı, plural rokalar)
- rocket (Eruca sativa)
Declension
| Inflection | ||
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | roka | |
| Definite accusative | rokayı | |
| Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | roka | rokalar |
| Definite accusative | rokayı | rokaları |
| Dative | rokaya | rokalara |
| Locative | rokada | rokalarda |
| Ablative | rokadan | rokalardan |
| Genitive | rokanın | rokaların |
References
- Meyer, Gustav (1892), “Türkische Studien. I. Die griechischen und romanischen Bestandtheile im Wortschatze des Osmanisch-Türkischen”, in Sitzungsberichte der philosophisch-historischen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften (in German), volume 128, Wien: In Commission bei F. Tempsky, page 29