roca
Catalan
Etymology
From early Medieval Latin rocca, of uncertain origin.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /ˈrɔ.kə/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /ˈrɔ.ka/
Audio (file)
Noun
roca f (plural roques)
- rock
Derived terms
- derrocar
- enrocar
- rocall
- rocalla
- rocam
- rocós
- roquer
- roquetar
See also
- pedra
Further reading
- “roca” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “roca”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “roca” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “roca” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Galician
Etymology 1
Perhaps from Gothic *rukka, *𐍂𐌿𐌺𐌺𐌰 (*rukka); or, given its open stressed vowel, rather from a West Germanic cognate of it (compare Old High German rocko),[1] from Proto-Germanic *rukkô. Cognate with Portuguese roca and Spanish rueca.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈrɔka̝/
Noun
roca f (plural rocas)
- spinning distaff (part of a spinning wheel from which fibre is drawn to be spun)
- Synonyms: galleta, ruxideira
- En cada terra seu uso, en cada roca seu fuso.(proverb)
- In every country its customs, for every distaff its spindle.
- 1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:
- Polo fio d'unha roca
- ó estagamo seme bay,
- é cortafeira coideiche
- que acababa de finar.
- By the thread of a distaff
- my stomach is going away,
- and Wednesday I though
- that I had just died.
- 1889, Xulio Alonso Sánchez, O Chufón:
- Ó redor da lareira, na cuciña da casa máis chea do logar de Outeiro, xunta estaba a familia. O patrón sentado no escano cos pés fóra e por riba das zocas, quentábase, ó mesmo tempo que, cun forquito bandexaba os toxos, que dempois metía pra debaixo do caldeiro; a muller, sentada no chan, partía os cachelos pró caldo, ia herdeira, filla úneca daquel xuntoiro e xoia daquela casa, fiaba na roca os cerros, prá tea do ano.
- The family was reunited around the hearth, in the kitchen of the fullest house of the hamlet of Outeiro. The head of the household was sitting on the bench, his feet out and on the clogs, warming while he was shaking the furzes with a poke before placing them under the cauldron; the wife, sitting on the ground, was snapping the potatoes for the broth, and the heir, only child of that union and that home's jewel, was spinning the flax on the distaff, for the year's cloth.
- Ó redor da lareira, na cuciña da casa máis chea do logar de Outeiro, xunta estaba a familia. O patrón sentado no escano cos pés fóra e por riba das zocas, quentábase, ó mesmo tempo que, cun forquito bandexaba os toxos, que dempois metía pra debaixo do caldeiro; a muller, sentada no chan, partía os cachelos pró caldo, ia herdeira, filla úneca daquel xuntoiro e xoia daquela casa, fiaba na roca os cerros, prá tea do ano.
Derived terms
- rocazo
- rocanzo
- roqueiro
- rocón
- recó
Etymology 2
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese roca (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria) borrowed from Old Catalan roca, from early Medieval Latin rocca, of unknown origin. Doublet of rocha.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈrɔka̝/
Noun
roca f (plural rocas)
- rock
- Synonyms: pena, penedo, rocha
Related terms
- rocha
References
- “roca” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “roca” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “roca” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “roca” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “roca” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
- Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991), “rueca”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Irish
Verb
roca
- present subjunctive analytic of roc
Italian
Adjective
roca
- feminine singular of roco
Anagrams
- acro, acro-, arco, arcò, caro, ocra, orca
Pali
Alternative forms
- 𑀭𑁄𑀘 (Brahmi script)
- रोच (Devanagari script)
- রোচ (Bengali script)
- රොච (Sinhalese script)
- ရောစ or ရေႃၸ (Burmese script)
- โรจ or โรจะ (Thai script)
- ᩁᩮᩣᨧ (Tai Tham script)
- ໂຣຈ or ໂຣຈະ (Lao script)
- រោច (Khmer script)
- 𑄢𑄮𑄌 (Chakma script)
Verb
roca
- second-person singular imperative active of rocati
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈʁɔ.kɐ/ [ˈhɔ.kɐ]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ˈʁɔ.kɐ/ [ˈχɔ.kɐ]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈʁɔ.ka/ [ˈhɔ.ka]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈʁɔ.kɐ/
Etymology 1
Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rukkô, although the intermediate language is uncertain. Possibly Gothic rukka, 𐍂𐌿𐌺𐌺𐌰 (rukka), however, the vowel quality in Iberian Romance (/ɔ/ in Portuguese, /we/ in Spanish) points to a possible West Germanic loanword [1], or to the influence of Latin rota (“wheel”)[2]. Cognate to Galician roca, Spanish rueca, Italian rocca, Old High German rocko (German Rocken).[3]
Noun
roca f (plural rocas)
- (spinning) distaff (part of a spinning wheel from which fibre is drawn to be spun)
Alternative forms
- rocca (obsolete)
Etymology 2
From Old Portuguese roca, from Old Catalan roca, from early Medieval Latin rocca, of uncertain origin. Doublet of rocha.
Noun
roca f (plural rocas)
- seacliff (cliff by the sea)
- a stony cliff
- Synonyms: rochedo, penhasco
- (archaic) a large rock; a boulder
- Synonyms: rocha, penedo
Related terms
- rocha
Verb
roca
- inflection of rocar:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
References
- Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911), “roca”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German)
- 1932, Antenor Nascentes, Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa.
- Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q., editors (1997) Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 110
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈroka/ [ˈro.ka]
- Rhymes: -oka
- Syllabification: ro‧ca
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Catalan roca, from early Medieval Latin rocca, of uncertain origin.
Cognate with Italian rocca, English rock, French roche, and Breton r'och.
Noun
roca f (plural rocas)
- rock
- Synonyms: peña, piedra
Derived terms
- Cúpula de la Roca
- roca encajante
- roca madre
- rocoso
- saltarrocas
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Adjective
roca
- feminine singular of roco
Further reading
- “roca”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014