retrancher
French
Etymology
re- + trancher
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃe/
Audio (file)
Verb
retrancher
- (transitive) to deduct, take away, cut out (delete)
- (intransitive) to cut down
- retrancher sur l'alcool ― cut down [one's] alcohol
- (transitive) to cut off (exclude, from e.g. society)
- (archaic, transitive) to kill, to snuff out, to bump off
- (reflexive) to take shelter
- (reflexive, military) to entrench oneself
Conjugation
Conjugation of retrancher (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | retrancher | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | retranchant /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | retranché /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃe/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | retranche /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ/ | retranches /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ/ | retranche /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ/ | retranchons /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃɔ̃/ | retranchez /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃe/ | retranchent /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ/ |
imperfect | retranchais /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃɛ/ | retranchais /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃɛ/ | retranchait /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃɛ/ | retranchions /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃjɔ̃/ | retranchiez /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃje/ | retranchaient /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃɛ/ | |
past historic2 | retranchai /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃe/ | retranchas /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃa/ | retrancha /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃa/ | retranchâmes /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃam/ | retranchâtes /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃat/ | retranchèrent /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃɛʁ/ | |
future | retrancherai /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁe/ | retrancheras /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁa/ | retranchera /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁa/ | retrancherons /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁɔ̃/ | retrancherez /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁe/ | retrancheront /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | retrancherais /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/ | retrancherais /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/ | retrancherait /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/ | retrancherions /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃə.ʁjɔ̃/ | retrancheriez /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃə.ʁje/ | retrancheraient /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | retranche /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ/ | retranches /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ/ | retranche /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ/ | retranchions /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃjɔ̃/ | retranchiez /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃje/ | retranchent /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ/ |
imperfect2 | retranchasse /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃas/ | retranchasses /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃas/ | retranchât /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃa/ | retranchassions /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃa.sjɔ̃/ | retranchassiez /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃa.sje/ | retranchassent /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃas/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | retranche /ʁə.tʁɑ̃ʃ/ | — | retranchons /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃɔ̃/ | retranchez /ʁə.tʁɑ̃.ʃe/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
- retranchement
Further reading
- “retrancher”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.