restringir
Catalan
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin restringere, present active infinitive of restringō (“I bind back; I restrain”). Doublet of the inherited restrènyer.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /rəs.tɾiɲˈʒi/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /res.tɾiɲˈd͡ʒiɾ/
Verb
restringir (first-person singular present restringeixo, past participle restringit)
- to restrict
Conjugation
Conjugation of restringir (third conjugation with -eix- infix)
| infinitive | restringir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | restringint | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | restringit | restringida | |||||
| plural | restringits | restringides | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | restringeixo | restringeixes | restringeix | restringim | restringiu | restringeixen | |
| imperfect | restringia | restringies | restringia | restringíem | restringíeu | restringien | |
| future | restringiré | restringiràs | restringirà | restringirem | restringireu | restringiran | |
| preterite | restringí | restringires | restringí | restringírem | restringíreu | restringiren | |
| conditional | restringiria | restringiries | restringiria | restringiríem | restringiríeu | restringirien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | restringeixi | restringeixis | restringeixi | restringim | restringiu | restringeixin | |
| imperfect | restringís | restringissis | restringís | restringíssim | restringíssiu | restringissin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | restringeix | restringeixi | restringim | restringiu | restringeixin | ||
Related terms
- restricció
- restrictiu
Further reading
- “restringir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Portuguese
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin restringere (“to bind back; to restrain”), from re- + stringō (“to press; to tighten”).
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁes.tɾĩˈʒi(ʁ)/ [hes.tɾĩˈʒi(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ʁes.tɾĩˈʒi(ɾ)/ [hes.tɾĩˈʒi(ɾ)]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ʁeʃ.tɾĩˈʒi(ʁ)/ [χeʃ.tɾĩˈʒi(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁes.tɾĩˈʒi(ɻ)/ [hes.tɾĩˈʒi(ɻ)]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ʁɨʃ.tɾĩˈʒiɾ/
- Homophone: restringi (Brazil)
- Hyphenation: res‧trin‧gir
Verb
restringir (first-person singular present restrinjo, first-person singular preterite restringi, past participle restringido)
- to restrict; to restrain; to limit
- Synonym: limitar
Conjugation
Conjugation of restringir (g-j alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | restringir | |||||
| Personal | restringir | restringires | restringir | restringirmos | restringirdes | restringirem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| restringindo | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | restringido | restringidos | ||||
| Feminine | restringida | restringidas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | restrinjo | restringes | restringe | restringimos | restringis | restringem |
| Imperfect | restringia | restringias | restringia | restringíamos | restringíeis | restringiam |
| Preterite | restringi | restringiste | restringiu | restringimos | restringistes | restringiram |
| Pluperfect | restringira | restringiras | restringira | restringíramos | restringíreis | restringiram |
| Future | restringirei | restringirás | restringirá | restringiremos | restringireis | restringirão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| restringiria | restringirias | restringiria | restringiríamos | restringiríeis | restringiriam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | restrinja | restrinjas | restrinja | restrinjamos | restrinjais | restrinjam |
| Imperfect | restringisse | restringisses | restringisse | restringíssemos | restringísseis | restringissem |
| Future | restringir | restringires | restringir | restringirmos | restringirdes | restringirem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | restringe | restrinja | restrinjamos | restringi | restrinjam | |
| Negative (não) | não restrinjas | não restrinja | não restrinjamos | não restrinjais | não restrinjam | |
Related terms
- restrição
- restricionista
- restringência
- restringenda
- restringente
- restringido
- restringimento
- restringível
- restritamente
- restritiva
- restritivamente
- restritivo
- restrito
- restritor
- estringir
Descendants
- Hunsrik: rëstrinschiere
Further reading
- “restringir” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin restringere, present active infinitive of restringō (“to bind back; to restrain”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /restɾinˈxiɾ/ [res.t̪ɾĩŋˈxiɾ]
- Rhymes: -iɾ
- Syllabification: res‧trin‧gir
Verb
restringir (first-person singular present restrinjo, first-person singular preterite restringí, past participle restringido)
- to restrict, to curtail
- Synonym: limitar
- to constrain
Conjugation
Conjugation of restringir (g-j alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | restringir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | restringiendo | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | restringido | restringida | |||||
| plural | restringidos | restringidas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | restrinjo | restringestú restringísvos | restringe | restringimos | restringís | restringen | |
| imperfect | restringía | restringías | restringía | restringíamos | restringíais | restringían | |
| preterite | restringí | restringiste | restringió | restringimos | restringisteis | restringieron | |
| future | restringiré | restringirás | restringirá | restringiremos | restringiréis | restringirán | |
| conditional | restringiría | restringirías | restringiría | restringiríamos | restringiríais | restringirían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | restrinja | restrinjastú restrinjásvos2 | restrinja | restrinjamos | restrinjáis | restrinjan | |
| imperfect (ra) | restringiera | restringieras | restringiera | restringiéramos | restringierais | restringieran | |
| imperfect (se) | restringiese | restringieses | restringiese | restringiésemos | restringieseis | restringiesen | |
| future1 | restringiere | restringieres | restringiere | restringiéremos | restringiereis | restringieren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | restringetú restringívos | restrinja | restrinjamos | restringid | restrinjan | ||
| negative | no restrinjas | no restrinja | no restrinjamos | no restrinjáis | no restrinjan | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of restringir (g-j alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive restringir | |||||||
| dative | restringirme | restringirte | restringirle, restringirse | restringirnos | restringiros | restringirles, restringirse | |
| accusative | restringirme | restringirte | restringirlo, restringirla, restringirse | restringirnos | restringiros | restringirlos, restringirlas, restringirse | |
| with gerund restringiendo | |||||||
| dative | restringiéndome | restringiéndote | restringiéndole, restringiéndose | restringiéndonos | restringiéndoos | restringiéndoles, restringiéndose | |
| accusative | restringiéndome | restringiéndote | restringiéndolo, restringiéndola, restringiéndose | restringiéndonos | restringiéndoos | restringiéndolos, restringiéndolas, restringiéndose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative restringe | |||||||
| dative | restríngeme | restríngete | restríngele | restríngenos | not used | restríngeles | |
| accusative | restríngeme | restríngete | restríngelo, restríngela | restríngenos | not used | restríngelos, restríngelas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative restringí | |||||||
| dative | restringime | restringite | restringile | restringinos | not used | restringiles | |
| accusative | restringime | restringite | restringilo, restringila | restringinos | not used | restringilos, restringilas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative restrinja | |||||||
| dative | restrínjame | not used | restrínjale, restrínjase | restrínjanos | not used | restrínjales | |
| accusative | restrínjame | not used | restrínjalo, restrínjala, restrínjase | restrínjanos | not used | restrínjalos, restrínjalas | |
| with first-person plural imperative restrinjamos | |||||||
| dative | not used | restrinjámoste | restrinjámosle | restrinjámonos | restrinjámoos | restrinjámosles | |
| accusative | not used | restrinjámoste | restrinjámoslo, restrinjámosla | restrinjámonos | restrinjámoos | restrinjámoslos, restrinjámoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative restringid | |||||||
| dative | restringidme | not used | restringidle | restringidnos | restringíos | restringidles | |
| accusative | restringidme | not used | restringidlo, restringidla | restringidnos | restringíos | restringidlos, restringidlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative restrinjan | |||||||
| dative | restrínjanme | not used | restrínjanle | restrínjannos | not used | restrínjanles, restrínjanse | |
| accusative | restrínjanme | not used | restrínjanlo, restrínjanla | restrínjannos | not used | restrínjanlos, restrínjanlas, restrínjanse | |
Related terms
- estreñir
- restricción
- restrictivo
- restringido
Further reading
- “restringir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014