responder
English
Etymology
respond + -er.
Pronunciation
- (General American) IPA(key): /ɹəˈspɑndɚ/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ɹəˈspɒndə/
- Hyphenation: re‧spond‧er
Noun
responder (plural responders)
- One who responds.
- 2014, Geoffrey N. Leech, The Pragmatics of Politeness (page 31)
- As Levinson (1983: 334) points out, signs of dispreference in turn taking include: (a) Delays: notably a pause, or a time gap, before the responder replies to the preceding turn […]
- 2014, Geoffrey N. Leech, The Pragmatics of Politeness (page 31)
- A person who responds to an emergency situation or other summons.
- 911 responders arrived at the scene within five minutes after the call.
Related terms
- responser
- responsor
Anagrams
- ponderers, reponders
Aragonese
Etymology
From Latin respondēre, present active infinitive of respondeō.
Verb
responder
- (transitive) to respond
References
- Bal Palazios, Santiago (2002), “responder”, in Dizionario breu de a luenga aragonesa, Zaragoza, →ISBN
Asturian
Etymology
From Latin respondēre, likely via Late Latin respondere.[1]
Verb
responder
- respond
Conjugation
Conjugation of responder
| infinitive | responder | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerundive | respondiendo | ||||||
| participle | m respondíu, f respondida, n respondío, m pl respondíos, f pl respondíes | ||||||
| person | first singular yo | second singular tu | third singular él/elli | first plural nosotros/nós | second plural vosotros/vós | third plural ellos | |
| indicative | present | respuendo | respuendes | respuende | respondemos | respondéis | respuenden |
| preterite imperfect | respondía | respondíes | respondía | respondíemos | respondíeis | respondíen | |
| preterite indefinite | respondí | respondiesti | respondió | respondiemos | respondiestis | respondieron | |
| pluperfect | respondiere | respondieres | respondiere | respondiéremos | respondiereis | respondieren | |
| subjunctive | present | respuenda | respuendas | respuenda | respondamos | respondáis | respuendan |
| preterite imperfect | respondiere | respondieres | respondiere | respondiéremos | respondiereis | respondieren | |
| potential | future | responderé | responderás | responderá | responderemos | responderéis | responderán |
| conditional | respondería | responderíes | respondería | responderíemos/responderíamos | responderíeis/responderíais | responderíen | |
| imperative | respuendi | respondéi | |||||
Related terms
- respuesta
References
- Buchi, Éva; Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008-), “*/resˈpɔnd-e-/”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française.
Galician
Etymology
From Old Portuguese responder, from Latin respondēre (likely via Late Latin respondere).[1]
Verb
responder (first-person singular present respondo, first-person singular preterite respondín, past participle respondido)
- to answer, to reply
Conjugation
Conjugation of responder
| singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| Infinitive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| impersonal | responder | |||||
| personal | responder | responderes | responder | respondermos | responderdes | responderen |
| Gerund | ||||||
| respondendo | ||||||
| Past participle | singular | plural | ||||
| masculine | respondido | respondidos | ||||
| feminine | respondida | respondidas | ||||
| Indicative | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | respondo | respondes | responde | respondemos | respondedes | responden |
| imperfect | respondía | respondías | respondía | respondiamos | respondiades | respondían |
| preterite | respondín | respondiches | respondeu | respondemos | respondestes | responderon |
| pluperfect | respondera | responderas | respondera | responderamos | responderades | responderan |
| future | responderei | responderás | responderá | responderemos | responderedes | responderán |
| conditional | respondería | responderías | respondería | responderiamos | responderiades | responderían |
| Subjunctive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | responda | respondas | responda | respondamos | respondades | respondan |
| preterite | respondese | respondeses | respondese | respondésemos | respondésedes | respondesen |
| future | responder | responderes | responder | respondermos | responderdes | responderen |
| Imperative | – | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| affirmative | – | responde | responda | respondamos | respondede | respondan |
| negative | – | respondas | responda | respondamos | respondades | respondan |
Related terms
- resposta
References
- Buchi, Éva; Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008-), “*/resˈpɔnd-e-/”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française.
Interlingua
Verb
responder
- to answer
Conjugation
Conjugation of responder
| infinitive | responder | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| participle | present | perfect | |
| respondente | respondite | ||
| active | simple | perfect | |
| present | responde | ha respondite | |
| past | respondeva | habeva respondite | |
| future | respondera | habera respondite | |
| conditional | responderea | haberea respondite | |
| imperative | responde | ||
| passive | simple | perfect | |
| present | es respondite | ha essite respondite | |
| past | esseva respondite | habeva essite respondite | |
| future | essera respondite | habera essite respondite | |
| conditional | esserea respondite | haberea essite respondite | |
| imperative | sia respondite | ||
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Portuguese responder, from Latin respondēre (“answer”) (likely via Late Latin respondere),[1] from re- + spondeō (“promise”).
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁes.põˈde(ʁ)/ [hes.põˈde(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ʁes.põˈde(ɾ)/ [hes.põˈde(ɾ)]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ʁeʃ.põˈde(ʁ)/ [χeʃ.põˈde(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁes.põˈde(ɻ)/ [hes.põˈde(ɻ)]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ʁɨʃ.põˈdeɾ/
- Hyphenation: res‧pon‧der
Verb
responder (first-person singular present respondo, first-person singular preterite respondi, past participle respondido)
- to answer; to reply (to give a written or spoken response)
- Synonyms: replicar, retorquir, retrucar
- Antonym: calar
- (intransitive) to retort frequently
- Synonym: retrucar
- to correspond to (to be equivalent to)
- Synonyms: corresponder, equivaler
- to counterattack
- Synonyms: contratacar, reagir, revidar
- (intransitive) to be responsible (for something)
- (law, intransitive) to be a defendant
Conjugation
Conjugation of responder (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | responder | |||||
| Personal | responder | responderes | responder | respondermos | responderdes | responderem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| respondendo | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | respondido | respondidos | ||||
| Feminine | respondida | respondidas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | respondo | respondes | responde | respondemos | respondeis | respondem |
| Imperfect | respondia | respondias | respondia | respondíamos | respondíeis | respondiam |
| Preterite | respondi | respondeste | respondeu | respondemos | respondestes | responderam |
| Pluperfect | respondera | responderas | respondera | respondêramos | respondêreis | responderam |
| Future | responderei | responderás | responderá | responderemos | respondereis | responderão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| responderia | responderias | responderia | responderíamos | responderíeis | responderiam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | responda | respondas | responda | respondamos | respondais | respondam |
| Imperfect | respondesse | respondesses | respondesse | respondêssemos | respondêsseis | respondessem |
| Future | responder | responderes | responder | respondermos | responderdes | responderem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | responde | responda | respondamos | respondei | respondam | |
| Negative (não) | não respondas | não responda | não respondamos | não respondais | não respondam | |
Related terms
- respondão
- respondedor
- respondência
- respondente
- respondido
- respondimento
- respondível
- resposta
References
- Buchi, Éva; Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008-), “*/resˈpɔnd-e-/”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française.
Spanish
Etymology
From Old Spanish responder, inherited from Latin respondēre (likely via Late Latin respondere).[1] The original past participle was respuso or repuso in Old Spanish.[2] The expected diphthongization of stressed Latin /ŏ/ is found in Asturian responder and sporadically in Old Spanish as well.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /responˈdeɾ/ [res.põn̪ˈd̪eɾ]
Audio (Colombia) (file) - Rhymes: -eɾ
- Syllabification: res‧pon‧der
Verb
responder (first-person singular present respondo, first-person singular preterite respondí, past participle respondido)
- to answer, to reply
- Synonyms: contestar, replicar
Conjugation
Conjugation of responder (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | responder | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | respondiendo | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | respondido | respondida | |||||
| plural | respondidos | respondidas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | respondo | respondestú respondésvos | responde | respondemos | respondéis | responden | |
| imperfect | respondía | respondías | respondía | respondíamos | respondíais | respondían | |
| preterite | respondí | respondiste | respondió | respondimos | respondisteis | respondieron | |
| future | responderé | responderás | responderá | responderemos | responderéis | responderán | |
| conditional | respondería | responderías | respondería | responderíamos | responderíais | responderían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | responda | respondastú respondásvos2 | responda | respondamos | respondáis | respondan | |
| imperfect (ra) | respondiera | respondieras | respondiera | respondiéramos | respondierais | respondieran | |
| imperfect (se) | respondiese | respondieses | respondiese | respondiésemos | respondieseis | respondiesen | |
| future1 | respondiere | respondieres | respondiere | respondiéremos | respondiereis | respondieren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | respondetú respondévos | responda | respondamos | responded | respondan | ||
| negative | no respondas | no responda | no respondamos | no respondáis | no respondan | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of responder
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive responder | |||||||
| dative | responderme | responderte | responderle, responderse | respondernos | responderos | responderles, responderse | |
| accusative | responderme | responderte | responderlo, responderla, responderse | respondernos | responderos | responderlos, responderlas, responderse | |
| with gerund respondiendo | |||||||
| dative | respondiéndome | respondiéndote | respondiéndole, respondiéndose | respondiéndonos | respondiéndoos | respondiéndoles, respondiéndose | |
| accusative | respondiéndome | respondiéndote | respondiéndolo, respondiéndola, respondiéndose | respondiéndonos | respondiéndoos | respondiéndolos, respondiéndolas, respondiéndose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative responde | |||||||
| dative | respóndeme | respóndete | respóndele | respóndenos | not used | respóndeles | |
| accusative | respóndeme | respóndete | respóndelo, respóndela | respóndenos | not used | respóndelos, respóndelas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative respondé | |||||||
| dative | respondeme | respondete | respondele | respondenos | not used | respondeles | |
| accusative | respondeme | respondete | respondelo, respondela | respondenos | not used | respondelos, respondelas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative responda | |||||||
| dative | respóndame | not used | respóndale, respóndase | respóndanos | not used | respóndales | |
| accusative | respóndame | not used | respóndalo, respóndala, respóndase | respóndanos | not used | respóndalos, respóndalas | |
| with first-person plural imperative respondamos | |||||||
| dative | not used | respondámoste | respondámosle | respondámonos | respondámoos | respondámosles | |
| accusative | not used | respondámoste | respondámoslo, respondámosla | respondámonos | respondámoos | respondámoslos, respondámoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative responded | |||||||
| dative | respondedme | not used | respondedle | respondednos | respondeos | respondedles | |
| accusative | respondedme | not used | respondedlo, respondedla | respondednos | respondeos | respondedlos, respondedlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative respondan | |||||||
| dative | respóndanme | not used | respóndanle | respóndannos | not used | respóndanles, respóndanse | |
| accusative | respóndanme | not used | respóndanlo, respóndanla | respóndannos | not used | respóndanlos, respóndanlas, respóndanse | |
Derived terms
- respondón
- respuesta
Related terms
- corresponder
- responsable
- responso
References
- Buchi, Éva; Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008-), “*/resˈpɔnd-e-/”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française.
- Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1985), “responder”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), volume IV (Me–Re), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 887
Further reading
- “responder”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014