resns
Latvian
Etymology
From the same stem as rets (“thin, rare, scarce”) (q.v.), with adjectival derivation: *ret-snas > resns. Maybe originally used of trees: rare, sparse trees, separate from others, tend to be thick; this sense could then be generalized to other tree-like objects. A different opinion is that resns is related to Old High German risi (“giant”), Old Church Slavonic редъ (redŭ, “food”), and perhaps, via metathesis, with Latvian vērsis (“ox”); but the Lithuanian cognate suggests that the original meaning of this word was “stout,” “strongly built,” not “well fed.” Cognates include Lithuanian rẽsnas (“squat, strong, stout”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ræsns]
Adjective
resns (definite resnais, comparative resnāks, superlative visresnākais, adverb resni)
- (of cylindrical objects) thick (having a relatively large cross-section)
- resni baļķi ― thick logs
- resns zīmulis ― thick, stubby pencil
- resns stumbrs ― thick, stout trunk
- resna virtuve, stieple, caurule ― thick rope, wire, tube
- resni diegi ― thick thread
- resnas adatas ― thick needles
- resnā zarna ― colon (lit. thick intestine)
- (of people, animals, body parts) fat, overweight
- resns vīrs ― fat man
- resns vēders ― fat belly
- resna tirgus sieva ― fat market woman, lady
- resns sivēns ― fat piglet
- (colloquial, of sounds) having a low timbre
- Jaņuka resnā balss ― Jaņuks' thick voice
Declension
indefinite declension (nenoteiktā galotne) of resns
| masculine (vīriešu dzimte) | feminine (sieviešu dzimte) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | ||||||
| nominative (nominatīvs) | resns | resni | resna | resnas | |||||
| accusative (akuzatīvs) | resnu | resnus | resnu | resnas | |||||
| genitive (ģenitīvs) | resna | resnu | resnas | resnu | |||||
| dative (datīvs) | resnam | resniem | resnai | resnām | |||||
| instrumental (instrumentālis) | resnu | resniem | resnu | resnām | |||||
| locative (lokatīvs) | resnā | resnos | resnā | resnās | |||||
| vocative (vokatīvs) | — | — | — | — | |||||
Synonyms
- (of leaf- or wall-like objects): biezs
- (of people): tukls
Antonyms
- tievs
- slaids, slaiks
Derived terms
- resnums
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “resns”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN