abrasive

English

Etymology

abrase +‎ -ive

Pronunciation

(US) IPA^(key): /əˈbɹeɪ.sɪv/, /əˈbɹeɪ.zɪv/

Adjective

abrasive (comparative more abrasive, superlative most abrasive)

Producing abrasion; rough enough to wear away the outer surface. [First attested in 1805.]
Being rough and coarse in manner or disposition; causing irritation. [First attested in 1925.]
An abrasive person can grate on one's sensibilities.
Despite her proper upbringing, we found her manners to be terribly abrasive.

Derived terms

abrasively
abrasiveness

Translations

producing abrasion; rough

Bulgarian: изтъркващ (bg) (iztǎrkvašt), изтриващ (bg) (iztrivašt), абразивен (abraziven)
Catalan: abrasiu (ca)
Dutch: schurend (nl)
Finnish: hankaava (fi), hiova (fi)
French: abrasif (fr)
Galician: abrasivo (gl) m

German: abrasiv (de)
Portuguese: abrasivo (pt)
Romanian: abraziv (ro)
Russian: абрази́вный (ru) (abrazívnyj), шлифу́ющий (ru) (šlifújuščij)
Spanish: abrasivo (es)
Swedish: slipande (sv)

rough and coarse in manner or disposition

Dutch: irritant (nl), irriterend (nl), ruw (nl)
Finnish: karski (fi), karkea (fi)
German: schroff (de), rauh (de)

Greek: τραχύς (el) (trachýs)
Persian: ساینده‎ (fa)
Spanish: brusco (es), irritante (es)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.

Translations to be checked

Vietnamese: ^{(please verify)} làm trầy, ^{(please verify)} để cọ xơ ra, ^{(please verify)} để mài mòn

Noun

abrasive (plural abrasives)

A substance or material such as sandpaper, pumice, or emery, used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing. [First attested in the mid 19^th century.][1]
(geology) Rock fragments, sand grains, mineral particles, used by water, wind, and ice to abrade a land surface.

Related terms

abrasion

Translations

substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing

Bulgarian: абразив (bg) (abraziv)
Dutch: schuurmiddel n, slijpmiddel n
Finnish: hankausaine, hioma-aine

Persian: سمباده‎ (fa)
Russian: абрази́в (ru) m (abrazív)
Swedish: abrasivmedel

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.

Translations to be checked

Vietnamese: ^{(please verify)} chất mài mòn

References

“abrasive” in Lesley Brown, editor, The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 5th edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 7.

French

Adjective

abrasive

feminine singular of abrasif

German

Adjective

abrasive

inflection of abrasiv:
1. strong and mixed nominative and accusative feminine singular
2. strong nominative and accusative plural
3. weak nominative all-gender singular
4. weak accusative feminine and neuter singular

Italian

Adjective

abrasive

Feminine plural of adjective abrasivo.

Anagrams

bavaresi, sbaverai

[SOED-1] “abrasive” in Lesley Brown, editor, The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 5th edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 7.