render
English
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈɹɛn.də/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈɹɛn.dɚ/
Audio (US) (file) - Hyphenation: ren‧der
- Rhymes: -ɛndə(ɹ)
Etymology 1
From Middle English renderen, rendren, from Old French rendre (“to render, to make”), from Vulgar Latin *rendō, from Latin reddō (“return in profit”).
Alternative forms
- rendre (archaic)
Verb
render (third-person singular simple present renders, present participle rendering, simple past and past participle rendered)
- (ditransitive) To cause to become.
- The shot rendered her immobile.
- 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, OCLC 4293071:
- […] St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London. Close-packed, crushed by the buttressed height of the railway viaduct, rendered airless by huge walls of factories, it at once banished lively interest from a stranger's mind and left only a dull oppression of the spirit.
- 2022 November 2, Paul Bigland, “New trains, old trains, and splendid scenery”, in RAIL, number 969, page 57:
- This service has suffered badly from Department for Transport-inspired cuts which reduced it from hourly to two-hourly. This, coupled with regular cancellations, has rendered the train service between the area's two biggest towns almost unusable.
- (transitive) To interpret, give an interpretation or rendition of.
- 1748, David Hume, Enquiries concerning the human understanding and concerning the principles of moral. London: Oxford University Press, 1973. § 34.
- we may, at last, render our philosophy like that of Epictetus
- The pianist rendered the Beethoven sonata beautifully.
- 1748, David Hume, Enquiries concerning the human understanding and concerning the principles of moral. London: Oxford University Press, 1973. § 34.
- (transitive) To translate into another language.
- to render Latin into English
- (transitive) To pass down.
- render a verdict (i.e., deliver a judgment)
- (transitive) To make over as a return.
- They had to render the estate.
- (transitive) To give; to give back; to deliver.
- render aid; render money
- to render an account of what really happened
- 1725, Isaac Watts, Logick: Or, The Right Use of Reason in the Enquiry after Truth, […], 2nd edition, London: […] John Clark and Richard Hett, […], Emanuel Matthews, […], and Richard Ford, […], published 1726, OCLC 1325830848:
- Logic renders its daily service to wisdom and virtue.
- (transitive, dated) To give up; to yield; to surrender.
- c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene i]:
- I'll make her render up her page to me.
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- (transitive, computer graphics) To transform (a model) into a display on the screen or other media.
- rendering images
- (transitive) To capture and turn over to another country secretly and extrajudicially.
- (transitive) To convert waste animal tissue into a usable byproduct.
- rendering of fat into soap
- (intransitive, cooking) To have fat drip off meat from cooking.
- Bacon is very fatty when raw; however, most of the fat will render during cooking.
- (construction) To cover a wall with a layer of plaster.
- to render with stucco
- (nautical) To pass; to run; said of the passage of a rope through a block, eyelet, etc.
- A rope renders well, that is, passes freely.
- (nautical) To yield or give way.
- 1867, W. H. Smyth, Sailor's Word-Book:
- The rope of a laniard or tackle is said to render when, by pulling upon one part, each other part takes its share of the strain.
-
- (obsolete) To return; to pay back; to restore.
- 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book IV, Canto X”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, stanza 14:
- whose smallest minute lost, no riches render may
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- (obsolete) To inflict, as a retribution; to requite.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Deuteronomy 32:41:
- I will render vengeance to mine enemies.
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Synonyms
- (cause to become): make
- (fat dripping): render off
Derived terms
- renderer, rendering
- render off
- render unto Caesar
Translations
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Noun
render (countable and uncountable, plural renders)
- (countable, uncountable) Stucco or plaster applied to walls (mostly to outside masonry walls).
- (computer graphics) A digital image produced by rendering a model.
- A low-resolution render might look blocky.
- (obsolete) A surrender.
- (obsolete) A return; a payment of rent.
- 1765–1769, William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, (please specify |book=I to IV), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, OCLC 65350522:
- In those early times the king's household was supported by specific renders of corn and other victuals from the tenants of the demesnes.
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- (obsolete) An account given; a statement.
- c. 1605–1608, William Shakespeare, “The Life of Tymon of Athens”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, scene i]:
- And send forth us , to make their sorrow'd render,
Together with a recompense more fruitful
Than their offence can weigh down by the dram
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Translations
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Etymology 2
rend + -er
Noun
render (plural renders)
- One who rends.
Translations
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Anagrams
- Derner, rendre
Danish
Noun
render c
- indefinite plural of rende
Verb
render
- present of rende
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese render (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *rendere, from Latin reddēre, present active infinitive of reddō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [renˈdeɾ]
Verb
render (first-person singular present rendo, first-person singular preterite rendín, past participle rendido)
- (intransitive) to yield; to last
- (transitive) to subdue, defeat
- (transitive) to tire, wear out
- (transitive) to render, pay (respects, homage)
- (reflexive) to surrender
Conjugation
singular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
Infinitive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
impersonal | render | |||||
personal | render | renderes | render | rendermos | renderdes | renderen |
Gerund | ||||||
rendendo | ||||||
Past participle | singular | plural | ||||
masculine | rendido | rendidos | ||||
feminine | rendida | rendidas | ||||
Indicative | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
present | rendo | rendes | rende | rendemos | rendedes | renden |
imperfect | rendía | rendías | rendía | rendiamos | rendiades | rendían |
preterite | rendín | rendiches | rendeu | rendemos | rendestes | renderon |
pluperfect | rendera | renderas | rendera | renderamos | renderades | renderan |
future | renderei | renderás | renderá | renderemos | renderedes | renderán |
conditional | rendería | renderías | rendería | renderiamos | renderiades | renderían |
Subjunctive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
present | renda | rendas | renda | rendamos | rendades | rendan |
preterite | rendese | rendeses | rendese | rendésemos | rendésedes | rendesen |
future | render | renderes | render | rendermos | renderdes | renderen |
Imperative | – | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
affirmative | – | rende | renda | rendamos | rendede | rendan |
negative | – | rendas | renda | rendamos | rendades | rendan |
Derived terms
- renda
- rendemento
References
- “render” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “render” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “render” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “render” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “render” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Norwegian Bokmål
Noun
render m or f
- indefinite plural of rand (Etymology 1)
Norwegian Nynorsk
Noun
render f
- indefinite plural of rand (Etymology 1)
Portuguese
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *rendere, from Latin reddēre.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁẽˈde(ʁ)/ [hẽˈde(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ʁẽˈde(ɾ)/ [hẽˈde(ɾ)]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ʁẽˈde(ʁ)/ [χẽˈde(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁẽˈde(ɻ)/ [hẽˈde(ɻ)]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ʁẽˈdeɾ/
- Hyphenation: ren‧der
Verb
render (first-person singular present rendo, first-person singular preterite rendi, past participle rendido)
- to render
- (reflexive) to yield, to surrender
- Não atire, eu me rendo!
- Don't shoot, I surrender!
- to dominate, to command; to cause to surrender
- to subject
- to result as profit
- (reflexive) to surrender (to give up in defeat)
- Synonyms: entregar-se, capitular
Conjugation
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | render | |||||
Personal | render | renderes | render | rendermos | renderdes | renderem |
Gerund | ||||||
rendendo | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | rendido | rendidos | ||||
Feminine | rendida | rendidas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | rendo | rendes | rende | rendemos | rendeis | rendem |
Imperfect | rendia | rendias | rendia | rendíamos | rendíeis | rendiam |
Preterite | rendi | rendeste | rendeu | rendemos | rendestes | renderam |
Pluperfect | rendera | renderas | rendera | rendêramos | rendêreis | renderam |
Future | renderei | renderás | renderá | renderemos | rendereis | renderão |
Conditional | ||||||
renderia | renderias | renderia | renderíamos | renderíeis | renderiam | |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | renda | rendas | renda | rendamos | rendais | rendam |
Imperfect | rendesse | rendesses | rendesse | rendêssemos | rendêsseis | rendessem |
Future | render | renderes | render | rendermos | renderdes | renderem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | rende | renda | rendamos | rendei | rendam | |
Negative (não) | não rendas | não renda | não rendamos | não rendais | não rendam |
Derived terms
- rendimento
Related terms
- rendição
Further reading
- “render” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Romansch
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *rendere, from Latin reddēre, present active infinitive of reddō.
Verb
render
- (Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) to return, give back
- to vomit, throw up, puke, be sick
Synonyms
- (to return, give back):
- (Rumantsch Grischun) dar enavos, (Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran) dar anavos, (Puter) der inavous, (Vallader) dar inavo
- (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) restituir, (Surmiran) restitueir
- (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran) returnar, (Puter) returner, (Vallader) retuornar