referendum

See also: Referendum, référendum, referéndum, and referèndum

English

Etymology

From Latin referendum (“that which ought to be announced”), from refero (“I announce”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˌɹɛfəˈɹɛndəm/

Noun

referendum (plural referenda or referendums)

(politics) A direct popular vote on a proposed law or constitutional amendment. The adposition on is usually used before the related subject of the vote.
- 1975, Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau, Informational Bulletin
  In some cases, a referendum on the proposed bond issue must be held.
- 2019, Nalini Mohabir, Renaming the Cook Islands would be a vital step towards true independence in the Guardian.
  Although the Cook Islands held a referendum in 1994, when voters rejected a name change, the yearning for a decolonised identity has not disappeared.
An action, choice, etc., which is perceived as passing judgment on another matter.
My father is taking my decision on whether to go to university as a referendum on his performance as a parent, and it's very stressful.

Translations

direct popular vote

Albanian: referendum (sq) m
Arabic: اِسْتِفْتاء‎ m (istiftāʾ)
Hijazi Arabic: اِسْتِفْتاء‎ m (istiftāʾ)
Armenian: ռեֆերենդում (hy) (ṙeferendum), հանրաքվե (hy) (hanrakʿve)
Azerbaijani: referendum, ümumxalq sorğu, ümumi rəy sorğusu
Belarusian: рэферэ́ндум m (refjeréndum)
Bulgarian: рефере́ндум (bg) m (referéndum)
Burmese: ဆန္ဒခံယူခြင်း (hcanda.hkam-yuhkrang:), ဆန္ဒခံယူပွဲ (my) (hcanda.hkam-yu-pwai:)
Catalan: referèndum (ca) m
Chinese:
Mandarin: 公民投票 (zh) (gōngmín tóupiào), 公投 (zh) (gōngtóu)
Cornish: gwerinvotyans f
Crimean Tatar: referendum
Czech: referendum (cs) n
Danish: folkeafstemning (da) c
Dutch: referendum (nl) n
Esperanto: referendumo
Estonian: referendum (et), rahvahääletus, rahvaküsitlus
Faroese: fólkaatkvøða f
Finnish: kansanäänestys (fi)
French: référendum (fr) m
Galician: referendo m
Georgian: რეფერენდუმი (reperendumi)
German: Referendum (de) n, Volksabstimmung (de) f
Greek: δημοψήφισμα (el) n (dimopsífisma)
Hebrew: מִשְׁאַל עַם‎ (he) m (mish'ál 'ám)
Hindi: जनमत-संग्रह m (janmat-saṅgrah), मत-संग्रह m (mat-saṅgrah), रेफ़रेंडम (refreṇḍam)
Hungarian: szavazás (hu), népszavazás (hu), referendum (hu)
Icelandic: þjóðaratkvæðagreiðsla f, þjóðaratkvæði n
Indonesian: referendum (id)
Irish: reifreann m
Italian: referendum (it) m
Japanese: (general) 住民投票 (じゅうみんとうひょう, jūmin tōhyō); (for national vote) 国民投票 (こくみんとうひょう, kokumin tōhyō)
Kazakh: референдум (referendum)
Khmer: ប្រជាមតិ (prɑciə mĕəʼteʼ)
Korean: 국민투표(國民投票) (gungmintupyo)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: referandûm (ku)
Kyrgyz: референдум (referendum)
Lao: ປະຊາມະຕິ (pa sā ma ti)
Latvian: referendums m
Lithuanian: referendumas m
Macedonian: рефере́ндум m (referéndum)
Malay: pungutan suara, referendum (ms)
Maori: tāpaetanga pōti
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: бүх нийтийн санал хураалт (büx niitiin sanal xuraalt), референдум (referendum)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: folkeavstemning m or f, referendum n, uravstemning (no) m or f (in membership organisations)
Nynorsk: folkerøysting f, referendum n
Pashto: ټولپوښتنه‎ (ps) f (ṭolpuẍtǝna), رفرنډم‎ m (referanḍum), رېفرانډم‎ m (refrānḍam)
Persian: همه‌پرسی‎ (hame-porsi), رفراندوم‎ (fa) (refrândom)
Polish: referendum (pl) n
Portuguese: referendo (pt) m, plebiscito (pt) m
Romanian: referendum (ro) n
Russian: рефере́ндум (ru) m (referéndum)
Scottish Gaelic: reifreann
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: реферѐндум m
Roman: referèndum (sh) m
Slovak: referendum n
Slovene: referendum (sl) m
Spanish: referéndum (es) m, referendo (es) m, plebiscito m
Swedish: folkomröstning (sv) c
Tagalog: pagtutukoy, reperendum
Tajik: раъйпурсӣ (raʾypursī), референдум (referendum)
Thai: ประชามติ (th) (bprà-chaa-má-dtì)
Turkish: referandum (tr), halk oylaması (tr)
Turkmen: referendum
Ukrainian: рефере́ндум m (referéndum)
Urdu: رِیفْرَینْڈم‎ (refrenḍam)
Uyghur: رېفېراندۇم‎ (rëfërandum)
Uzbek: referendum (uz)
Vietnamese: trưng cầu dân ý (vi)
Welsh: refferendwm f
Yiddish: רעפֿערענדום‎ m (referendum)

action perceived as passing judgment

Chinese:
Mandarin: please add this translation if you can
Finnish: luottamuslauseäänestys (fi)
Portuguese: please add this translation if you can
Russian: референдум (ru) m (referendum)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Latin: ^{(please verify)} referendum (la) n
Vietnamese: ^{(please verify)} (cuộc) trưng cầu dân ý

Crimean Tatar

Etymology

From Latin referendum.

Noun

referendum

referendum (in sense: a direct popular vote on a proposed law or constitutional amendment).

Declension

Declension of referendum

nominative	referendum
genitive	referendumnıñ
dative	referendumğa
accusative	referendumnı
locative	referendumda
ablative	referendumdan

References

Mirjejev, V. A.; Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎, Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

Czech

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈrɛfɛrɛndum]

Noun

referendum n

referendum (direct popular vote)

Declension

Declension of referendum

	singular	plural
nominative	referendum	referenda
genitive	referenda	referend
dative	referendu	referendům
accusative	referendum	referenda
vocative	referendum	referenda
locative	referendu	referendech
instrumental	referendem	referendy

Related terms

See oferta

Danish

Etymology

From Latin referendum, the neuter gerundive of referre (“to refer”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /rɛfərɛndɔm/, [ʁɛfəˈʁand̥ɔm]

Noun

referendum n (singular definite referendummet, plural indefinite referendummer or referenda)

referendum (direct popular vote on a proposed law)

Inflection

Declension of referendum

neuter gender	Singular		Plural
neuter gender	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	referendum	referendummet	referendummer referenda	referendummerne referendaene
genitive	referendums	referendummets	referendummers referendas	referendummernes referendaenes

Synonyms

folkeafstemning

Dutch

Pronunciation

Audio (file)

Noun

referendum n (plural referenda or referendums, diminutive referendumpje n)

referendum

Descendants

→ Papiamentu: referendum

Estonian

Etymology

From Latin referendum.

Noun

referendum (genitive referendumi, partitive referendumit)

referendum
Synonyms: rahvahääletus, rahvaküsitlus

Declension

Inflection of referendum (ÕS type 2/õpik, no gradation)

	singular	plural
nominative	referendum	referendumid
accusative	referendumi	referendumid
genitive	referendumi	referendumite
partitive	referendumit	referendumeid
illative	referendumisse	referendumitesse referendumeisse
inessive	referendumis	referendumites referendumeis
elative	referendumist	referendumitest referendumeist
allative	referendumile	referendumitele referendumeile
adessive	referendumil	referendumitel referendumeil
ablative	referendumilt	referendumitelt referendumeilt
translative	referendumiks	referendumiteks referendumeiks
terminative	referendumini	referendumiteni
essive	referendumina	referendumitena
abessive	referendumita	referendumiteta
comitative	referendumiga	referendumitega

Derived terms

pseudoreferendum

French

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʁe.fe.ʁɛ̃.dɔm/, /ʁe.fe.ʁɑ̃.dɔm/
Audio (file)

Noun

referendum m (plural referendums or referenda)

Alternative spelling of référendum

Italian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /re.feˈrɛn.dum/
Rhymes: -ɛndum
Hyphenation: re‧fe‧rèn‧dum

Noun

referendum m (invariable)

referendum

Derived terms

referendario

Ladin

Noun

referendum m (plural referendums)

referendum

Latin

Participle

referendum

inflection of referendus:
1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular
2. accusative masculine singular

Maltese

Etymology

Ultimately from Latin referendum.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /rɛ.fɛˈrɛn.dum/

Noun

referendum m (plural referenda or referendumijiet)

referendum

Related terms

refendarju

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin referendum.

Noun

referendum n (definite singular referendumet, indefinite plural referenda or referendumer, definite plural referendaene or referenduma or referendumene)

a referendum

Synonyms

folkeavstemning

References

“referendum” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
“referendum” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Latin referendum.

Noun

referendum n (definite singular referendumet, indefinite plural referendum, definite plural referenduma)

a referendum

Synonyms

folkerøysting

References

“referendum” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin referendum.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /rɛ.fɛˈrɛn.dum/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -ɛndum
Syllabification: re‧fe‧ren‧dum

Noun

referendum n

(politics) referendum
Synonym: plebiscyt

Declension

Declension of referendum

	singular	plural
nominative	referendum	referenda
genitive	referendum	referendów
dative	referendum	referendom
accusative	referendum	referenda
instrumental	referendum	referendami
locative	referendum	referendach
vocative	referendum	referenda

Derived terms

adjectives

referendalny
referendowy

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin referendum, French référendum.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /re.feˈren.dum/

Noun

referendum n (plural referendumuri)

referendum

Declension

Declension of referendum

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) referendum	referendumul	(niște) referendumuri	referendumurile
genitive/dative	(unui) referendum	referendumului	(unor) referendumuri	referendumurilor
vocative	referendumule		referendumurilor

Synonyms

plebiscit

Related terms

referendar

References

referendum in DEX online - Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /referěndum/
Hyphenation: re‧fe‧ren‧dum

Noun

referèndum m (Cyrillic spelling реферѐндум)

referendum

Declension

Declension of referendum

	singular	plural
nominative	referendum	referendumi
genitive	referenduma	referenduma
dative	referendumu	referendumima
accusative	referendum	referendume
vocative	referendume	referendumi
locative	referendumu	referendumima
instrumental	referendumom	referendumima

Swedish

Noun

referendum

referendum (direct popular vote)
Synonym: folkomröstning

referendum

English

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Translations

See also

Crimean Tatar

Etymology

Noun

Declension

References

Czech

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Related terms

Further reading

Danish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Inflection

Synonyms

Dutch

Pronunciation

Noun

Descendants

Estonian

Etymology

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

See also

Further reading

French

Pronunciation

Noun

Further reading

Italian

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Ladin

Noun

Latin

Participle

Maltese

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Related terms

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Noun

Synonyms

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Noun

Synonyms

References

Polish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

Romanian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Synonyms

Related terms

References

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

Noun