Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þringwan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *þrinhwaną, with the voiced Verner alternant extended throughout the paradigm.

Verb

*þringwan

to press, to push

Inflection

Strong class 3
Infinitive	*þringwan
1st sg. past	*þrangw
3rd pl. past	*þrungun
Past ptcple	*þrungan
Infinitive	*þringwan
Genitive infin.	*þringwannjas
Dative infin.	*þringwannjē
Instrum. infin.	*þringwannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*þringu	*þrangw
2nd singular	*þringwiʀi	*þrungī
3rd singular	*þringwidi	*þrangw
1st plural	*þringum	*þrungum
2nd plural	*þringwid	*þrungud
3rd plural	*þringwand	*þrungun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*þringwē	*þrungī
2nd singular	*þringwēs	*þrungī
3rd singular	*þringwē	*þrungī
1st plural	*þringwēm	*þrungīm
2nd plural	*þringwēþ	*þrungīd
3rd plural	*þringwēn	*þrungīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*þringw
Plural	*þringwid
	Present	Past
Participle	*þringwandī	*þrungan

Related terms

*þrangwijan

Descendants

Old English: þringan
- Middle English: thringen
  - Scots: thring, dring
  - English: thring
Old Frisian: thringa
- Saterland Frisian: tringe
- (West Frisian: kringe ?)
Old Saxon: thringan
- Middle Low German: dringen
  - German Low German: dringen
  - Low German: dringen
Old Dutch: *thringan
- Middle Dutch: dringen
  - Dutch: dringen
  - Limburgish: dringe
Old High German: dringan
- Middle High German: dringen
  - German: dringen
  - Luxembourgish: dréngen
  - Yiddish: דרינגען‎ (dringen)