< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þiustrī
 | This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *þiustrijaz.
Adjective
*þiustrī[1]
- dark, gloomy
Inflection
| ja-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Masculine | ||
| Nominative | *þiustrī | ||
| Genitive | *þiustrijas | ||
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *þiustrī | *þiustriju | *þiustrī |
| Accusative | *þiustrijanā | *þiustrijā | *þiustrī |
| Genitive | *þiustrijas | *þiustrijeʀā | *þiustrijas |
| Dative | *þiustrijumē | *þiustrijeʀē | *þiustrijumē |
| Instrumental | *þiustriju | *þiustrijeʀu | *þiustriju |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *þiustrijē | *þiustrijō | *þiustriju |
| Accusative | *þiustrijā | *þiustrijā | *þiustriju |
| Genitive | *þiustrijeʀō | *þiustrijeʀō | *þiustrijeʀō |
| Dative | *þiustrijēm, *þiustrijum | *þiustrijēm, *þiustrijum | *þiustrijēm, *þiustrijum |
| Instrumental | *þiustrijēm, *þiustrijum | *þiustrijēm, *þiustrijum | *þiustrijēm, *þiustrijum |
Descendants
- Old English: þīestre, þȳstre; þēostre (conflated with descendant of *þeustraz)
- Middle English: þester, þuster, þeostre
- English: thester
- Middle English: þester, þuster, þeostre
- Old Frisian: *thiūstere
- Saterland Frisian: tjuuster
- West Frisian: tsjuster
- Old Saxon: thiustri
- Middle Low German: dûster
- German Low German: düüster
- → German: düster, duster
- → Danish: dyster
- → Swedish: dyster
- → Norwegian: dyster
- Middle Low German: dûster
- Old Dutch: *thiustri
- Middle Dutch: dustere, diester, duuster
- Dutch: duister
- Middle Dutch: dustere, diester, duuster
References
- Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 250: “northern WGmc *þiustrī”