Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þiudijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *þiudijaną.

Verb

*þiudijan

to interpret, to point out, to explain [+accusative]
to associate, to engage with [+instrumental = with]
to attach, to join, to connect [+instrumental = to/with]

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*þiudijan
1st sg. past	*þiudidā
Infinitive	*þiudijan
Genitive infin.	*þiudijannjas
Dative infin.	*þiudijannjē
Instrum. infin.	*þiudijannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*þiudiju	*þiudidā
2nd singular	*þiudisi	þiudidēs, þiudidōs
3rd singular	*þiudiþi	þiudidē, þiudidā
1st plural	*þiudijum	*þiudidum
2nd plural	*þiudiþ	*þiudidud
3rd plural	*þiudijanþ	*þiudidun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*þiudijē	*þiudidī
2nd singular	*þiudijēs	*þiudidī
3rd singular	*þiudijē	*þiudidī
1st plural	*þiudijēm	*þiudidīm
2nd plural	*þiudijēþ	*þiudidīd
3rd plural	*þiudijēn	*þiudidīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*þiudi
Plural	*þiudiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*þiudijandī	*þiudid

Descendants

Old English: þīedan, þēodan
- Middle English: theden
Old Frisian: *thiōda, thiūda
- Saterland Frisian: tjuude
- West Frisian: tsjutte
Old Saxon: *thiudian
- Middle Low German: dûden, düden
  - German Low German: düden
Old Dutch: *thiuden
- Middle Dutch: dieden, duden
  - Dutch: duiden
  - Limburgish: duuje
Old High German: diuten, *tiuten
- Middle High German: diuten, tiuten
  - German: deuten
  - Luxembourgish: deiten
  - Yiddish: טײַטשן‎ (taytshn)