< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wurpijan
 | This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Alternative forms
- *werpijan (see Reconstruction notes)
Etymology
Derived from *werpan.
Verb
*wurpijan[1]
- to throw
Reconstruction notes
This term didn't actually exist in the form *werpijan, as the vowel e did not occur in an umlauting environment. However, due to the lack of definitive Germanic descendants and the fact that several other sources reconstruct this term as such, we have listed *werpijan as an alternative form despite it being unclear how the Proto-West Germanic form should be reconstructed.
Conjugation
| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *wurpijan | |
| 1st sg. past | *wurpidā | |
| Infinitive | *wurpijan | |
| Genitive infin. | *wurpijannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *wurpijannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *wurpijannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *wurpiju | *wurpidā |
| 2nd singular | *wurpisi | *wurpidēs, *wurpidōs |
| 3rd singular | *wurpiþi | *wurpidē, *wurpidā |
| 1st plural | *wurpijum | *wurpidum |
| 2nd plural | *wurpiþ | *wurpidud |
| 3rd plural | *wurpijanþ | *wurpidun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *wurpijē | *wurpidī |
| 2nd singular | *wurpijēs | *wurpidī |
| 3rd singular | *wurpijē | *wurpidī |
| 1st plural | *wurpijēm | *wurpidīm |
| 2nd plural | *wurpijēþ | *wurpidīd |
| 3rd plural | *wurpijēn | *wurpidīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *wurpi | |
| Plural | *wurpiþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *wurpijandī | *wurpid |
Descendants
- Old English: wyrpan (“to throw”)
- Old High German: *wurfen
- Middle High German: wurfen
- → Medieval Latin: werpiō, worpiō, guerpiō, gurpiō [723 CE, Saint-Omer, France] (see there for further descendants)
References
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “*werpjan”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 17: Germanismes: S–Z, page 565