Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wrīþan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *wrīþaną.

Verb

*wrīþan

to weave, to twist

Inflection

Strong class 1
Infinitive	*wrīþan
1st sg. past	*wraiþ
3rd pl. past	*wridun
Past ptcple	*wridan
Infinitive	*wrīþan
Genitive infin.	*wrīþannjas
Dative infin.	*wrīþannjē
Instrum. infin.	*wrīþannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*wrīþu	*wraiþ
2nd singular	*wrīþiʀi	*wridī
3rd singular	*wrīþidi	*wraiþ
1st plural	*wrīþum	*wridum
2nd plural	*wrīþid	*wridud
3rd plural	*wrīþand	*wridun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*wrīþē	*wridī
2nd singular	*wrīþēs	*wridī
3rd singular	*wrīþē	*wridī
1st plural	*wrīþēm	*wridīm
2nd plural	*wrīþēþ	*wridīd
3rd plural	*wrīþēn	*wridīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*wrīþ
Plural	*wrīþid
	Present	Past
Participle	*wrīþandī	*wridan

Descendants

Old English: wrīþan
- Middle English: writhen, wrythen
  - Scots: wryth, writhe
  - English: writhe
Old Dutch: *wrīthan
- Middle Dutch: writen (with -t- by influence of an iterative *writtōną)
Old High German: wrīdan, rīdan, *rīdan (Lombardic)
- Middle High German: rīden
  - German: reiden; (wrideln)
- → Old French: rider
  - Middle French: rider
    - French: rider
- → Italian: riddare