Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/warjan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *warjaną.

Verb

*warjan

to ward off, to defend against

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*warjan
1st sg. past	*waridā
Infinitive	*warjan
Genitive infin.	*warjannjas
Dative infin.	*warjannjē
Instrum. infin.	*warjannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*warju	*waridā
2nd singular	*warisi	waridēs, waridōs
3rd singular	*wariþi	waridē, waridā
1st plural	*warjum	*waridum
2nd plural	*wariþ	*waridud
3rd plural	*warjanþ	*waridun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*warjē	*waridī
2nd singular	*warjēs	*waridī
3rd singular	*warjē	*waridī
1st plural	*warjēm	*waridīm
2nd plural	*warjēþ	*waridīd
3rd plural	*warjēn	*waridīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*wari
Plural	*wariþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*warjandī	*warid

Descendants

Old English: werian
- Middle English: werien
  - Scots: were, wer, weir
  - English: weir, wear (“to guard, watch, defend”)
Old Saxon: werian
- Middle Low German: weren
Old Dutch: *werien
- Middle Dutch: weren
  - Dutch: weren
    - Afrikaans: weer
Old High German: werien
- Middle High German: weren, wern
  - Cimbrian: bèaran
  - German: wehren
  - Luxembourgish: wieren
Vulgar Latin: *wariō
- Old French: garir, guarir, warir
  - Middle French: garir, guarir, guérir
    - French: garir, guérir
  - → Spanish: guarir
  - Old French: garison, garaisun, garisoun, garisun, gareisun, warison
    - Middle French: warison, vuarison
    - → Middle English: garison, garisoun, garysoun, garyson, garson
      - English: garrison
    - → Middle English: warisoun, waryson, warison, warysoun
      - English: warison, waryson, warrison (obsolete)
- Old Occitan: guarir, garir
  - Old Catalan: guarir, garir, guayrir, gorir
    - Catalan: guarir
  - Occitan: guarir
- Old Portuguese: guarir
  - Galician: gorir
- Piedmontese: varì
- Vulgar Latin: *warantus
  - Old French: garant, garraunt, garaunt, guarant, warant, warrant, warand
    - Middle French: garant
      - French: garant
    - Middle English: → garrant, garraunt
    - Middle English: → warant, waraunt, warand, warrant
      - English: warrant
    - → Catalan: garant
    - → Spanish: garante
      - → English: guarantee
  - Vulgar Latin: *warantiō
    - Old French: garantir, garrantir, guarantir, warantir
      - Middle French: garantir
        French: garantir
      - → Spanish: garantir
  - Vulgar Latin: *warantia
    - Old French: garrauntie, garantie, garauntie, garrantie, guarantie, warantie, warrauntie
      - Middle French: guarantie
      - → Middle English: garrantye
        English: guaranty
      - → Middle English: warantie, warantye
        English: warranty
      - → Spanish: garantía