Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wankijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *wankijaną (“to sway”), from Proto-Indo-European *weng- (“to bend”).

Verb

*wankijan

to stagger, sway
to wave
to move aside

Conjugation

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*wankijan
1st sg. past	*wankidā
Infinitive	*wankijan
Genitive infin.	*wankijannjas
Dative infin.	*wankijannjē
Instrum. infin.	*wankijannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*wankiju	*wankidā
2nd singular	*wankisi	wankidēs, wankidōs
3rd singular	*wankiþi	wankidē, wankidā
1st plural	*wankijum	*wankidum
2nd plural	*wankiþ	*wankidud
3rd plural	*wankijanþ	*wankidun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*wankijē	*wankidī
2nd singular	*wankijēs	*wankidī
3rd singular	*wankijē	*wankidī
1st plural	*wankijēm	*wankidīm
2nd plural	*wankijēþ	*wankidīd
3rd plural	*wankijēn	*wankidīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*wanki
Plural	*wankiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*wankijandī	*wankid

Descendants

Old English: wincian, wencian
Old Saxon: wenkian
Old Dutch: *wenken, winken
- Middle Dutch: wenken, winken
  - Dutch: wenken
Old High German: wenken, winken
→ Vulgar Latin: *wenchiō
- Old French: guenchir, genchir, guinchir, ganchir
  - Middle French: guenchir, genchir
    - French: guenchir
- Old Northern French: wenchir, winchir
  - Middle English: wynchen, wenchen
    - English: wince
    - Scots: winche, winch

References

Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “*wenkjan”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 17: Germanismes: S–Z, page 555