Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/waiʀd

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *waizdaz.

Noun

*waiʀd m[1]

plant used for dyeing, woad
dye
Synonym: *daugu

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*waiʀd
Genitive	*waiʀdas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*waiʀd	waiʀdō, waiʀdōs
Accusative	*waiʀd	*waiʀdā
Genitive	*waiʀdas	*waiʀdō
Dative	*waiʀdē	*waiʀdum
Instrumental	*waiʀdu	*waiʀdum

Alternative reconstructions

*waid

Derived terms

*waiʀdil
- →? Medieval Latin: uuisdile, ouisdelem, guisdil
*waiʀdīn

Descendants

Old English: wād, weard, *weald
- Middle English: wad, wod, wadde, wode
  - Scots: wad, waid
  - English: woad
- Middle English: welde, wolde[2]
  - English: weld, wold
Old Frisian: wēd
Old Saxon: wēd
- Middle Low German: wêt, weit
Old Dutch: *wēd, *weid
- Middle Dutch: wede, weet
  - Dutch: wede
Old High German: weit
- Middle High German: weit
  - German: Waid
    - → Danish: vajd
    - → Swedish: vejde
- → Czech: vejt
- → Russian: ва́йда (vájda)
→? Medieval Latin: waisdum, guaisdium, waisda, waida
- Old French: guesde, gaide, waisde, waide
  - Middle French: guede
    - French: guède
- Italian: guado

References

Friedrich Kluge (1989), “Waid”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 774: “wg. *waizda- m.”
“wē̆ld(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

[1] Friedrich Kluge (1989), “Waid”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 774: “wg. *waizda- m.”

[MED-2] “wē̆ld(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.