< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/twīflōn
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From *twīfl + *-ōn.
Verb
*twīflōn
- to doubt
Inflection
Class 2 weak | ||
---|---|---|
Infinitive | *twīflōn | |
1st sg. past | *twīflōdā | |
Infinitive | *twīflōn | |
Genitive infin. | *twīflōnijas | |
Dative infin. | *twīflōnijē | |
Instrum. infin. | *twīflōniju | |
Indicative | Present | Past |
1st singular | *twīflō | *twīflōdā |
2nd singular | *twīflōs | *twīflōdēs, *twīflōdōs |
3rd singular | *twīflōþ | *twīflōdē, *twīflōdā |
1st plural | *twīflōm | *twīflōdum |
2nd plural | *twīflōþ | *twīflōdud |
3rd plural | *twīflōnþ | *twīflōdun |
Subjunctive | Present | Past |
1st singular | *twīflō | *twīflōdī |
2nd singular | *twīflōs | *twīflōdī |
3rd singular | *twīflō | *twīflōdī |
1st plural | *twīflōm | *twīflōdīm |
2nd plural | *twīflōþ | *twīflōdīd |
3rd plural | *twīflōn | *twīflōdīn |
Imperative | Present | |
Singular | *twīflō | |
Plural | *twīflōþ | |
Present | Past | |
Participle | *twīflōndī | *twīflōd |
Descendants
- Old Saxon: twīflōn
- Middle Low German: twivelen
- Low German: twiefeln
- Middle Low German: twivelen
- Old High German: zwīfalōn, zwīvalōn
- Middle High German: zwīveln
- German: zweifeln
- Middle High German: zwīveln
Further reading
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) , “*twīflōnan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 414