< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/topp
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *tuppaz (“summit, crest, tuft of hair”).
Noun
*topp m
- top, summit, crest
- a tuft (of hair)
Declension
Masculine a-stem | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | ||
Nominative | *topp | |
Genitive | *toppas | |
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | *topp | *toppō, *toppōs |
Accusative | *topp | *toppā |
Genitive | *toppas | *toppō |
Dative | *toppē | *toppum |
Instrumental | *toppu | *toppum |
Descendants
- Old English: top, topp; toppa
- Middle English: top, toppe, topp, tope, toop
- English: top
- → French: top
- → German: Top
- → Vietnamese: tốp
- Scots: tap
- English: top
- Middle English: top, toppe, topp, tope, toop
- Old Frisian: topp, top
- North Frisian: top, tap, tup
- Saterland Frisian: Top
- West Frisian: top; toppe
- Old Saxon: *top
- Middle Low German: top
- Low German: Topp
- → German: Topp
- Low German: Topp
- Middle Low German: top
- Old Dutch: *topp, *top
- Middle Dutch: top, topp
- Dutch: top
- Middle Dutch: top, topp
- Old High German: zoph
- Middle Low German: zopf
- Cimbrian: sòpf
- German: Zopf
- Hunsrik: Zopp
- Luxembourgish: Zapp
- Vilamovian: cöp
- Yiddish: צאָפּ (tsop)
- → Italian: zuffa
- Middle Low German: zopf
- → Vulgar Latin: *toppus (see there for further descendants)