Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/swōtijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *swōtijaną. Equivalent to *swōtī (“sweet”) +‎ *-jan.

Verb

*swōtijan

to sweeten

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*swōtijan
1st sg. past	*swōtidā
Infinitive	*swōtijan
Genitive infin.	*swōtijannjas
Dative infin.	*swōtijannjē
Instrum. infin.	*swōtijannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*swōtiju	*swōtidā
2nd singular	*swōtisi	swōtidēs, swōtidōs
3rd singular	*swōtiþi	swōtidē, swōtidā
1st plural	*swōtijum	*swōtidum
2nd plural	*swōtiþ	*swōtidud
3rd plural	*swōtijanþ	*swōtidun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*swōtijē	*swōtidī
2nd singular	*swōtijēs	*swōtidī
3rd singular	*swōtijē	*swōtidī
1st plural	*swōtijēm	*swōtidīm
2nd plural	*swōtijēþ	*swōtidīd
3rd plural	*swōtijēn	*swōtidīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*swōti
Plural	*swōtiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*swōtijandī	*swōtid

Descendants

Old English: swētan
- Middle English: sweten
  - English: sweet (obsolete)
    - ⇒ English: sweeten
Old Frisian: *swēta
- West Frisian: swietje (changed to a class 2 verb)
Old Saxon: *swōtian
- Middle Low German: sȫten
Old Dutch: *suoten
- Middle Dutch: soeten
  - Dutch: zoeten
Old High German: suozen
- Middle High German: süezen
  - German: süßen