Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/swak

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *swe(n)g-, *swe(n)k- (“to bend, swing, sway, waver”).

Adjective

*swak

swinging; swaying
yielding easily; pliable
weak

Inflection

a-stem
Singular	Masculine
Nominative	*swak
Genitive	*swakas
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*swak	*swaku	*swak
Accusative	*swakanā	*swakā	*swak
Genitive	*swakas	*swakeʀā	*swakas
Dative	*swakumē	*swakeʀē	*swakumē
Instrumental	*swaku	*swakeʀu	*swaku
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*swakē	*swakō	*swaku
Accusative	*swakā	*swakā	*swaku
Genitive	*swakeʀō	*swakeʀō	*swakeʀō
Dative	swakēm, swakum	swakēm, swakum	swakēm, swakum
Instrumental	swakēm, swakum	swakēm, swakum	swakēm, swakum

Derived terms

*swakattjan

Descendants

Old English: *swæc (in compounds)
- Middle English: swac
  - Scots: swack, swake
  - English: swack (dialectal)
- ⇒ Old English: swæcehēow
Old Frisian: *swak
- Saterland Frisian: swäk
- West Frisian: swak
Old Saxon: *swak
- Middle Low German: swac, swak, swack
  - German Low German: swack
  - Plautdietsch: schwak
  - → Danish: svag
  - → Norwegian Bokmål: svak
  - → Swedish: svag
  - → Gutnish: svagar, svagur
Old Dutch: *swak
- Middle Dutch: swac
  - Dutch: zwak
Old High German: *swah
- Middle High German: swach
  - German: schwach
  - Luxembourgish: schwaach
  - Vilamovian: śwaoch
  - Yiddish: שוואַך‎ (shvakh)