Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/spīwan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *spīwaną.

Verb

*spīwan

to spew, to spit

Inflection

Strong class 1
Infinitive	*spīwan
1st sg. past	*spaiw
3rd pl. past	*spiwun
Past ptcple	*spiwan
Infinitive	*spīwan
Genitive infin.	*spīwannjas
Dative infin.	*spīwannjē
Instrum. infin.	*spīwannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*spīwu	*spaiw
2nd singular	*spīwiʀi	*spiwī
3rd singular	*spīwidi	*spaiw
1st plural	*spīwum	*spiwum
2nd plural	*spīwid	*spiwud
3rd plural	*spīwand	*spiwun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*spīwē	*spiwī
2nd singular	*spīwēs	*spiwī
3rd singular	*spīwē	*spiwī
1st plural	*spīwēm	*spiwīm
2nd plural	*spīwēþ	*spiwīd
3rd plural	*spīwēn	*spiwīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*spīw
Plural	*spīwid
	Present	Past
Participle	*spīwandī	*spiwan

Descendants

Old English: spīwan, spīƿan
- Middle English: spewen, spewe, spiewen, spiwan, spue, spuwe, spew, spuen, speouwen
  - English: spew
  - Scots: spew
Old Frisian: spīa
- Saterland Frisian: späie
- West Frisian: spije
Old Saxon: spīwan
- Middle Low German: spîgen, spîen, spiggen
  - Low German: spiien, speen
  - Plautdietsch: spieen
Old Dutch: *spīwan
- Middle Dutch: spuwen
  - Dutch: spuwen
  - Limburgish: spieje
Old High German: spīwan
- Middle High German: spīen
  - Alemannic German: spiiwe
  - German: speien
  - Yiddish: שפּײַען‎ (shpayen)