< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/smalljan
 | This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *(s)meld- (“to burn, smoulder, smoke; tar, pitch”). Cognate with Lithuanian smilkyti (“to incense, fumigate”), Lithuanian smilkti (“to smudge, smolder, fume, reek”), Lithuanian smalkinti (“to fume”), Lithuanian smiltys (“fine sand, dust”), Russian смола́ (smolá, “resin, pitch, tar”), Middle Irish smál, smól, smúal (“fire, gleed, embers, ashes”).[1]
Verb
*smalljan
- (Anglo-Frisian Germanic) to glow, burn, smoulder
Inflection
| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *smalljan | |
| 1st sg. past | *smaldā | |
| Infinitive | *smalljan | |
| Genitive infin. | *smalljannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *smalljannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *smalljannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *smallju | *smaldā |
| 2nd singular | *smalisi | *smaldēs, *smaldōs |
| 3rd singular | *smaliþi | *smaldē, *smaldā |
| 1st plural | *smalljum | *smaldum |
| 2nd plural | *smaliþ | *smaldud |
| 3rd plural | *smalljanþ | *smaldun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *smalljē | *smaldī |
| 2nd singular | *smalljēs | *smaldī |
| 3rd singular | *smalljē | *smaldī |
| 1st plural | *smalljēm | *smaldīm |
| 2nd plural | *smalljēþ | *smaldīd |
| 3rd plural | *smalljēn | *smaldīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *smali | |
| Plural | *smaliþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *smalljandī | *smald |
Related terms
- *smulēn, *smulōn
- Old Frisian: *smulia
- Saterland Frisian: smulje
- Old Saxon: *smolōn
- Middle Low German: smölen
- Low German:
- Low Prussian: schmölen
- Westmünsterländisch: schmöllen, schmüllen
- Low German:
- Middle Low German: smölen
- Old Dutch: *smolon
- Middle Dutch: smôlen
- Dutch: smeulen
- → West Frisian: smeule[2]
- Dutch: smeulen
- Middle Dutch: smôlen
- Old Frisian: *smulia
Descendants
- Old English: *smiellan, *smillan, *smyllan, *smællan, *smellan
- Middle English: smellen, smullen, smillen, smeallen
- English: smell
- Scots: smell
- Yola: smele, smoll
- Middle English: smellen, smullen, smillen, smeallen
- Old Frisian: *smella, *smela
- Saterland Frisian: smeele
References
- Pokorny, Julius (1959), “1. smel-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 969
- van der Sijs, Nicoline (2010), “smeulen”, in Nederlandse woorden wereldwijd [Dutch words worldwide] (in Dutch), The Hague: Sdu Uitgevers, →ISBN, OCLC 687330964, page 590