< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skrīban
 | This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin scrībō.
Verb
*skrīban[1]
- to write
Inflection
| Class 1 strong | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *skrīban | |
| 1st sg. past | *skraib | |
| 3rd pl. past | *skribun | |
| Past ptcple | *skriban | |
| Infinitive | *skrīban | |
| Genitive infin. | *skrībannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *skrībannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *skrībannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *skrību | *skraib |
| 2nd singular | *skrībiʀi | *skribī |
| 3rd singular | *skrībidi | *skraib |
| 1st plural | *skrībum | *skribum |
| 2nd plural | *skrībid | *skribud |
| 3rd plural | *skrīband | *skribun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *skrībē | *skribī |
| 2nd singular | *skrībēs | *skribī |
| 3rd singular | *skrībē | *skribī |
| 1st plural | *skrībēm | *skribīm |
| 2nd plural | *skrībēþ | *skribīd |
| 3rd plural | *skrībēn | *skribīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *skrīb | |
| Plural | *skrībid | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *skrībandī | *skriban |
Descendants
- Old English: sċrīfan
- Middle English: shryven, schriven, shriven, schrifen, schrevyn, schryfen, schryvyn, sriven, shrive, shrife
- English: shrive
- Scots: schrive
- Middle English: shryven, schriven, shriven, schrifen, schrevyn, schryfen, schryvyn, sriven, shrive, shrife
- Old Frisian: skrīva
- North Frisian:
- Föhr-Amrum: skriiw
- Mooring: schriwe
- Sylt: skriiv
- Wiedingharde: skriwwe
- Saterland Frisian: skrieuwe
- West Frisian: skriuwe
- North Frisian:
- Old Saxon: skrīvan
- Middle Low German: schrîven
- Low German: schrieven
- Middle Low German: schrîven
- Old Dutch: scrīvan
- Middle Dutch: schriven
- Dutch: schrijven
- Afrikaans: skryf
- → Sranan Tongo: skrifi
- → Aukan: sikiifi
- → Saramaccan: sikífi
- Limburgish: sjrieve
- Dutch: schrijven
- Middle Dutch: schriven
- Old High German: skrīban, scrīban
- Middle High German: schrīben
- Alemannic German: schriibe
- Bavarian:
- Cimbrian: sraiban
- Central Franconian: schrieve, schreiwe
- Hunsrik: schreive
- German: schreiben
- Luxembourgish: schreiwen
- Rhine Franconian:
- Pennsylvania German: schreiwe
- Vilamovian: śrajwa
- Yiddish: שרײַבן (shraybn)
- Middle High German: schrīben
References
- Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 137: “PWGmc *skrīban”