< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/saggjan
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *sagjaną.
Verb
*saggjan[1]
- to say
Inflection
Class 3 weak j-present | ||
---|---|---|
Infinitive | *saggjan | |
1st sg. past | *sagdā | |
Infinitive | *saggjan | |
Genitive infin. | *saggjannjas | |
Dative infin. | *saggjannjē | |
Instrum. infin. | *saggjannju | |
Indicative | Present | Past |
1st singular | *saggju | *sagdā |
2nd singular | *sagēs | *sagdēs, *sagdōs |
3rd singular | *sagēþ | *sagdē, *sagdā |
1st plural | *saggjum | *sagdum |
2nd plural | *sagēþ | *sagdud |
3rd plural | *saggjanþ | *sagdun |
Subjunctive | Present | Past |
1st singular | *saggjē | *sagdī |
2nd singular | *saggjēs | *sagdī |
3rd singular | *saggjē | *sagdī |
1st plural | *saggjēm | *sagdīm |
2nd plural | *saggjēþ | *sagdīd |
3rd plural | *saggjēn | *sagdīn |
Imperative | Present | |
Singular | *sagē | |
Plural | *sagēþ | |
Present | Past | |
Participle | *saggjandī | *sagd |
Descendants
- Old English: seċġan
- Middle English: seggen, seyen, sayen
- Scots: say, sa
- English: say
- Middle English: seggen, seyen, sayen
- Old Frisian: sedza, sidza, sega
- West Frisian: sizze
- Old Saxon: seggian
- Low German: seggen
- Old Dutch: *seggen
- Dutch: zeggen
- Afrikaans: sê, seg
- Dutch: zeggen
- Old High German: sagēn
- Middle High German: sagen
- Alemannic German: säge
- Alsatian: soeje (near Fränkisch areas, in Northern Alsace), sawe (Central), sàge (South)
- Swabian:
- Sathmar Swabian: sage
- Walser: sägä, séege, ŝchegi, ŝchége
- Bavarian: sogn, soon, sång
- Central Franconian: sage
- German: sagen
- Luxembourgish: soen
- Vilamovian: ziön
- Yiddish: זאָגן (zogn)
- Alemannic German: säge
- Middle High German: sagen
References
- Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 108: “*sagʲgʲan”