< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/rannijan
 | This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *rannijaną.
Verb
*rannijan[1]
- to cause to run
Inflection
| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *rannijan | |
| 1st sg. past | *rannidā | |
| Infinitive | *rannijan | |
| Genitive infin. | *rannijannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *rannijannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *rannijannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *ranniju | *rannidā |
| 2nd singular | *rannisi | *rannidēs, *rannidōs |
| 3rd singular | *ranniþi | *rannidē, *rannidā |
| 1st plural | *rannijum | *rannidum |
| 2nd plural | *ranniþ | *rannidud |
| 3rd plural | *rannijanþ | *rannidun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *rannijē | *rannidī |
| 2nd singular | *rannijēs | *rannidī |
| 3rd singular | *rannijē | *rannidī |
| 1st plural | *rannijēm | *rannidīm |
| 2nd plural | *rannijēþ | *rannidīd |
| 3rd plural | *rannijēn | *rannidīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *ranni | |
| Plural | *ranniþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *rannijandī | *rannid |
Related terms
- *rinnan
Descendants
- Old English: ærnan
- Old Frisian: renna
- West Frisian: rinne
- Old Saxon: rennan
- Old Dutch: *rennan
- Dutch: rennen
- Afrikaans: ren
- Dutch: rennen
- Old High German: rennan
- German: rennen
References
- Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 229: “PWGmc *rannijan”