Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/pinnā

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain; often cited as being borrowed from Medieval Latin pinna,[1][2][3][4] however the attestation of the meaning of “peg, pin, bolt” is late. Alternatively, an alteration of *finnā (“fin”), itself cognate with Latin pinna, both ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)peyh₂-.[5]

Noun

*pinnā f

peg, pin, bolt

Inflection

ōn-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*pinnā
Genitive	*pinnōn
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*pinnā	*pinnōn
Accusative	*pinnōn	*pinnōn
Genitive	*pinnōn	*pinnōnō
Dative	*pinnōn	pinnōm, pinnum
Instrumental	*pinnōn	pinnōm, pinnum

Alternative reconstructions

*pinnu m

Descendants

Old English: pinn ?
- Middle English: pinne, pin
  - English: pin
  - Scots: pinne, pin
Old Frisian: pinne m or f
- Saterland Frisian: Pin m
- West Frisian: pin m or f
Old Saxon: *pinna f, pinn, pin m
- Middle Low German: pinne f, pin m
  - German Low German: Pinne f, Pinn m
    - → German: Pinn, Pinne
  - → Old Norse: pinni, pinnr
    - Icelandic: pinni
    - Norwegian: pinne
    - Swedish: pinn
    - Danish: pind
Old Dutch: *pinna f, *pinn m
- Middle Dutch: pinne, penne f, pin m
  - Dutch: pin
    - → Aukan: pina
    - ⇒ Dutch: pintje (diminutive form)
      - → Munsee: piinch
Old High German: pinna f, pfin m
- Middle High German: pfinne f
- ⇒ Old High German: zitarpfin

References

Friedrich Kluge (1989), “Pinne”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 547
Holthausen, Ferdinand (1954), “pinn”, in Altsächsisches Wörterbuch (in German), Cologne: Böhlau Verlag, page 58: “lat. pinna”
de Vries, Jan (1971), “pen 2, pin”, in Nederlands etymologisch woordenboek [Dutch etymological dictionary] (in Dutch), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898), “pinn”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lloyd, Albert L.; Lühr, Rosemarie (2017), “pfin”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Althochdeutschen (in German), volume VI: mâda - pûzza, Göttingen/Zürich: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 1425

[1] Friedrich Kluge (1989), “Pinne”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 547

[2] Holthausen, Ferdinand (1954), “pinn”, in Altsächsisches Wörterbuch (in German), Cologne: Böhlau Verlag, page 58: “lat. pinna”

[3] Vries, Jan (1971), “pen 2, pin”, in Nederlands etymologisch woordenboek [Dutch etymological dictionary] (in Dutch), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN

[4] Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898), “pinn”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

[5] Lloyd, Albert L.; Lühr, Rosemarie (2017), “pfin”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Althochdeutschen (in German), volume VI: mâda - pûzza, Göttingen/Zürich: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 1425