< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/liubijan
 | This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From *leub (“dear, beloved”) + *-jan.
Verb
*liubijan
- to love
- to desire
- to please
Inflection
| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *liubijan | |
| 1st sg. past | *liubidā | |
| Infinitive | *liubijan | |
| Genitive infin. | *liubijannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *liubijannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *liubijannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *liubiju | *liubidā |
| 2nd singular | *liubisi | *liubidēs, *liubidōs |
| 3rd singular | *liubiþi | *liubidē, *liubidā |
| 1st plural | *liubijum | *liubidum |
| 2nd plural | *liubiþ | *liubidud |
| 3rd plural | *liubijanþ | *liubidun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *liubijē | *liubidī |
| 2nd singular | *liubijēs | *liubidī |
| 3rd singular | *liubijē | *liubidī |
| 1st plural | *liubijēm | *liubidīm |
| 2nd plural | *liubijēþ | *liubidīd |
| 3rd plural | *liubijēn | *liubidīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *liubi | |
| Plural | *liubiþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *liubijandī | *liubid |
Related terms
- *leubōn
Descendants
- Old English: líefan
- Middle English: leven (merged with the descendant of *leubōn)
- Old Saxon: *liovian
- Middle Low German: lēven, leiven, līven
- ⇒ Old Saxon: giliovian
- Old High German: liuben, lioben
- Middle High German: liuben, lieben (merged with the descendant of *leubōn)
- German: lieben
- Middle High German: liuben, lieben (merged with the descendant of *leubōn)