< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/lattjan
 | This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *latjaną. Equivalent to *lat + *-jan.
Verb
*lattjan[1]
- to hinder
Inflection
| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *lattjan | |
| 1st sg. past | *lattā | |
| Infinitive | *lattjan | |
| Genitive infin. | *lattjannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *lattjannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *lattjannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *lattju | *lattā |
| 2nd singular | *latisi | *lattēs, *lattōs |
| 3rd singular | *latiþi | *lattē, *lattā |
| 1st plural | *lattjum | *lattum |
| 2nd plural | *latiþ | *lattud |
| 3rd plural | *lattjanþ | *lattun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *lattjē | *lattī |
| 2nd singular | *lattjēs | *lattī |
| 3rd singular | *lattjē | *lattī |
| 1st plural | *lattjēm | *lattīm |
| 2nd plural | *lattjēþ | *lattīd |
| 3rd plural | *lattjēn | *lattīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *lati | |
| Plural | *latiþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *lattjandī | *latt |
Descendants
- Old English: lettan
- Middle English: letten
- English: let
- Scots: lat
- Middle English: letten
- Old Frisian: letta
- Saterland Frisian: lätte
- West Frisian: lette
- Old Saxon: lettian
- Middle Low German: letten
- German Low German: letten
- Middle Low German: letten
- Old Dutch: *letten
- Middle Dutch: letten
- Dutch: letten
- Middle Dutch: letten
- Old High German: lezzen
- Middle High German: lezen, letzen
- German: letzen
- ⇒ Middle High German: ferletzen, verletzen
- German: verletzen
- Middle High German: lezen, letzen
References
- Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 72: “PWGmc *lāttē ‘hindered’”