< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/lammjan
 | This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Germanic *lamjaną. Equivalent to *lam + *-jan.
Verb
*lammjan
- to bash, hit
- to lame, cripple
Inflection
| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *lammjan | |
| 1st sg. past | *lamidā | |
| Infinitive | *lammjan | |
| Genitive infin. | *lammjannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *lammjannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *lammjannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *lammju | *lamidā |
| 2nd singular | *lamisi | *lamidēs, *lamidōs |
| 3rd singular | *lamiþi | *lamidē, *lamidā |
| 1st plural | *lammjum | *lamidum |
| 2nd plural | *lamiþ | *lamidud |
| 3rd plural | *lammjanþ | *lamidun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *lammjē | *lamidī |
| 2nd singular | *lammjēs | *lamidī |
| 3rd singular | *lammjē | *lamidī |
| 1st plural | *lammjēm | *lamidīm |
| 2nd plural | *lammjēþ | *lamidīd |
| 3rd plural | *lammjēn | *lamidīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *lami | |
| Plural | *lamiþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *lammjandī | *lamid |
Descendants
- Old English: lemman, lemian
- Middle English: lemen
- Old Frisian: lemma, lamma
- Old Saxon: *lemmian
- Middle Low German: lemmen, lēmen
- ⇒ Old Saxon: bilemmian
- Old Dutch: *lemmen
- Middle Dutch: lemmen, lēmen
- Dutch: lemmen (obsolete)
- Middle Dutch: lemmen, lēmen
- Old High German: lemmen
- Middle High German: lemmen, lemen
- German: lähmen
- Middle High German: lemmen, lemen